The Lancet

We thank the authors for their correspondence and welcome the opportunity to clarify the interpretation of our findings in the MASAI trial.1

Vu T, Habib AA, Jacob S, et al. Efficacy and safety of cemdisiran siRNA in myasthenia gravis (NIMBLE): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet 2026; 407: 1712–25—For this Article, appendix 1 has been updated to clarify the list of NIMBLE Trial Investigators. This correction has been made to the online version as of June 25, 2026.

The UN and the World Economic Forum have identified misinformation and disinformation as top global risks—ranking them as higher short-term threats than extreme weather, state-based armed conflict, and cyber insecurity.1,2 Although many people might associate this phenomenon with the COVID-19 crisis, the pandemic only exacerbated a growing trend, which preceded COVID-19 and has evolved since. The already uncontrolled spread of misinformation through social media alongside rapidly changing artificial intelligence with the ability to create convincing mimics of real people and events, further complicates a high-risk misinformation landscape with implications for health outcomes and a protracted impact on trust in science.

von Seth E, Karlsen TH, Tanaka A, Ponsioen C, Bergquist A. Primary sclerosing cholangitis. Lancet 2026; 407: 1549–69—In this Seminar, in the Inflammatory bowel disease section, the fifth sentence of the fourth paragraph should have read “Of note, although only looked for in five of these 21 studies, no vancomycin-resistant enterococci were found. Nonetheless, the 2022 American Association for the Study of Liver Disease practice guidance paper on primary sclerosing cholangitis48 states that, given the potential for antibiotic resistance and lack of adequate randomised clinical trials, there is insufficient evidence to recommend the use of oral vancomycin for the treatment of primary sclerosing cholangitis.” This correction has been made to the online version as of June 25, 2026.

The city of São Paulo, Brazil, is involving citizens in an innovative project to combat the health dangers of excessive heat. Jacqui Thornton reports.

Mental health conditions are highly prevalent in conflict-affected settings, where long-lasting instability reshapes daily life and erodes psychological wellbeing over time. WHO estimates that approximately 22% of individuals living in conflict settings have a mental health disorder:1 a rate that exceeds global averages and reflects sustained exposure to trauma and uncertainty.

The MASAI trial1 is an important step. Jessie Gommers and colleagues report non-inferiority for interval cancer rate with an artificial intelligence (AI)-supported workflow, alongside higher sensitivity and unchanged specificity. Several methodological issues, however, warrant careful consideration before widespread adoption.

“Young adult cancer is a growing crisis hiding in plain sight”, said US Senator Edward Markey. On June 15, he and his colleagues called on the US National Institutes of Health to establish a national strategy to address the rising incidence of cancer among young adults. They are not alone in their concerns. While cancer remains largely a disease of older individuals, a surprising increase in early-onset cancers seems to be occurring. It is a trend that should have the attention of health communities everywhere.

Running a literary magazine was not in my academic game plan. I attended medical school with the plan to be a bench scientist. I chose the joint MD–PhD programme not just because it paid for my tuition—though this was certainly a selling point—but the goal was to run a basic-science research laboratory, with one morning per week in a neurology clinic.

Paediatrician who co-founded Malawi's first medical school. Born on May 3, 1943, in Edenbridge, UK, he died from Parkinson's disease in Blantyre, Malawi, on April 19, 2026, aged 83 years.

No matter how public, events are experienced privately. So privately that people can have widely varying accounts of an event, which can change over time, and even come to take the place of verifiable facts about the event. Experience is fickle, unstable. So is learning from experience—yours or others’, lived or vicarious. You have to look for the whole, try to assemble its pieces, see the threads that run through its tellings, sort its various shades and interpretations into a coherent whole, figure out the worldviews, the pet and the grand theories, the purposes, presumptions, and audiences that shaped each telling of it.

We read with interest the MASAI trial that evaluated artificial intelligence (AI)-supported mammography screening compared with standard double reading.1 Interval cancer rates and observed sensitivity are shaped not only by test accuracy but also by tumour biology and the duration of the preclinical-detectable phase.

The MASAI trial1 concludes that artificial intelligence (AI)-supported screening “can efficiently improve screening performance” and “may be considered for implementation in clinical practice”. However, these recommendations rest on intermediate performance endpoints despite the trial reaching epidemiological conclusions that raise concern for potential overdiagnosis.

The Iran conflict has disrupted supplies of cisplatin and carboplatin, leading to treatment interruption for patients. Samaan Lateef reports from Mumbai.

On Feb 4, 2025, The Lancet published an Article by Nirosen Vijiaratnam and colleagues,1 which reported the efficacy and safety of exenatide once weekly as a potential disease-modifying treatment for people with Parkinson's disease in the UK.1 On May 18, 2026, The Lancet was made aware of the findings from a regulatory inspection at King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, one of the clinical trial sites involved in this study, by the corresponding author of the trial. The inspection formed part of a broader review and identified department-wide concerns relating to trial conduct, oversight, and governance, including findings classified by regulators as critical and major.

The recent UN Final Gaza Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment,1 published in collaboration with the EU and the World Bank, concludes that Gaza's human development has been set back by an estimated 77 years since October, 2023. Nowhere is this regression more catastrophic than in health. The assessment identifies US$10 billion of recovery and reconstruction needs in the health-care system and the loss of approximately 14% of Gaza's health-care workforce.1

Health-care workers and health facilities are protected under the principles of distinction, proportionality, precaution, and medical neutrality under international humanitarian law.1 However, attacks on health care have become a recurring feature of contemporary armed conflict, undermining emergency response, obstructing access to care, and weakening already fragile health systems. WHO defines attacks on health care as any act or threat of violence or obstruction that interferes with the availability, access, or delivery of health services during emergencies.

Geopolitical tensions between the USA and Iran have intermittently escalated into direct confrontation. Yet bibliometric and institutionally driven evidence suggests a more nuanced relationship exists between these nations in biomedical research.1 Although sanctions have limited Iran's access to medicines, laboratory infrastructure, and international academic forums,1,2 joint scientific output persists. In fact, collaboration often intensifies in response to shared health threats, reflecting the transnational nature of biomedical research in safeguarding global health.

Zarocostas J. WHO and Africa CDC launch $518 million Ebola plan. Lancet 2026; 407: 2358—In this World Report, a quote by Ibrahima Socé Fall on collaboration between Africa CDC, WHO, and national authorities has been corrected to reflect developments between the interview and publication. This change has been made to the online version as of June 17, 2026.

Phase 1 of Chile's comprehensive FLAL plausibly caused a measurable decrease in the prevalence of excess weight among young school children. The results provide crucial, evidence-based support for policy makers worldwide who are considering food environment policies as a scalable, impactful strategy to combat the childhood obesity epidemic.

The escalating global burden of child obesity represents one of the most pressing public health challenges, with profound implications for lifelong health of children and for health system sustainability. A substantial body of evidence supports the implementation of policies that improve food environments and enable individuals and families to make healthier food choices. These measures include product reformulation, front-of-pack labelling, public education campaigns, restrictions on the marketing of unhealthy foods to children, and fiscal interventions such as taxes on unhealthy products.

Multiple long-term conditions (MLTC or multimorbidity) are increasing in global prevalence and represent a growing burden for individuals and health-care systems. Grouping cardiometabolic MLTC can be justified because aetiological antecedents and risk factors are often shared, and similar therapeutic approaches can have positive effects on the prevention, treatment, and delayed progression of many of the constituent conditions. In this Series paper, we focus on interventions for the prevention and management of cardiometabolic MLTC, under the broad headings of population-level, individual-level, and system-level interventions.

Cardiometabolic multiple long-term conditions (MLTC) arise from the complex interplay of biological, sociodemographic, environmental, and behavioural factors across the life course. Shared risk factors and mechanisms, including insulin resistance, adiposity, and chronic inflammation, underpin its development. Growing evidence also implicates that even low-level, long-term exposure to fine particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, and related pollutants can accelerate the trajectory of cardiometabolic MLTC.

Cardiometabolic multiple long-term conditions (MLTC), defined as the coexistence of two or more cardiometabolic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease, are increasingly prevalent and represent a growing challenge for health systems worldwide. Despite rising interest, progress in understanding cardiometabolic MLTC has been limited by substantial heterogeneity in definitions, measurements, and analytical approaches, restricting comparability across studies and limiting translation into clinical and public health practice.

The growing number of people living with multiple long-term conditions (MLTC) is one of the defining challenges facing health care globally.1 Research in this field has challenged the single-disease framework that has traditionally dominated service design and research focus. But progress in MLTC research has been hampered by methodological inconsistency, definitional imprecision, and the difficulty of designing effective interventions for highly heterogeneous MLTC populations.2,3 These limitations have prompted calls to shift focus to narrower and potentially more tractable common clusters of conditions with a disproportionate impact on outcomes such as mortality, quality of life, and health service use.

“People with multiple long-term conditions [MLTC] do not like the word multimorbidity. We're not morbid, they say”, explains Kamlesh Khunti, Professor of Primary Care Diabetes and Vascular Medicine at the University of Leicester, UK. “The UK's National Institute for Health and Care Research [NIHR] have really been pushing for use of the term multiple long-term conditions instead, and I think rightly so.” Now, Khunti and colleagues are “trying to persuade everyone globally to change the terminology” in their new Lancet Series on cardiometabolic MLTC.

Ivonescimab plus chemotherapy demonstrated a statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in overall survival compared with tislelizumab plus chemotherapy in previously untreated patients with advanced squamous NSCLC. This regimen could provide a novel treatment option as first-line treatment in this patient group.

Despite recent advances in immunotherapy and targeted therapy, most patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) continue to have disease progression and develop resistance to current treatments. Consequently, there is an urgent need for more effective treatment approaches that provide durable benefit for a greater number of patients, especially for those whose tumours do not harbour actionable genomic alterations. One promising strategy is to simultaneously target multiple mechanisms of immune evasion within the tumour microenvironment.

Although antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have been touted as potential drugs or agents in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), two randomised phase 3 trials evaluating the TROP2 ADCs datopotamab deruxtecan1 and sacituzumab govitecan2 did not show a significant survival benefit when compared with second-line docetaxel. Despite these initial disappointments, the ability of ADCs to modulate the tumour microenvironment has piqued interest in combining these agents with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).

Among patients with PD-L1-positive advanced NSCLC without targetable genomic alterations, first-line treatment with sac-TMT plus pembrolizumab significantly prolonged progression-free survival compared with pembrolizumab alone. Therefore, sac-TMT plus pembrolizumab has the potential to redefine first-line treatment for patients with PD-L1-positive advanced NSCLC without targetable genomic alterations.