Pelvic Organ Prolapse

BackgroundProlapse following birth is common. Between 33-79% of postnatal women will have a prolapse on examination, and 43% of these women report severe symptoms. Postnatal women with a prolapse struggle to fulfil parental caring responsibilities and are five times more likely to have postnatal depression. This study aims to investigate the barriers and facilitators for postnatal women accessing services for postnatal prolapse in the UK.MethodsWe undertook semi-structured qualitative interviews...

CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to integrate MRI findings with clinical factors in evaluating recurrence risk. Some measures of low muscle mass (sarcopenia), an enterocele or cul-de-sac hernia, and diabetes mellitus may be associated with recurrence. Diabetic control and sarcopenia are potentially modifiable through lifestyle interventions, highlighting opportunities for preoperative optimization. Larger-scale studies are warranted to validate these predictors and guide risk-stratified...

CONCLUSIONS: Route of SCP was not associated with anatomic anterior or posterior compartment failure. Concomitant colporrhaphy or perineorrhaphy at the time of index SCP was not associated with need for surgical or nonsurgical retreatment.

CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights a concerning lack of knowledge and awareness regarding PFMs and PFM exercises among pregnant women. Educational programs are needed to improve understanding of PFM function and to provide instruction on correct PFM exercise techniques.

CONCLUSIONS: Transvaginal repair with the Seratom PA MR MN® partially absorbable mini mesh demonstrated significant improvements in anatomical and subjective outcomes, with few complications, and low recurrence rates. Further studies are necessary to validate these outcomes and optimize patient selection.

CONCLUSION: The functional results were satisfactory, with the improvement of fecal incontinence, the normalization of bowel movements, and the elimination of urological conditions. The study confirms the high effectiveness and safety of both methods, emphasizing the importance of proper preoperative risk stratification and comprehensive postoperative management in reducing the recurrence rate and improving patients' quality of life.

CONCLUSIONS: This case highlights a rare late-onset VCDE in a patient receiving combined antihormonal and anti-HER2 therapy, a clinical context not previously described. While causality cannot be established, this report raises the hypothesis of a potential association between targeted therapy and impaired tissue integrity.

Among many different types of vaginal therapy for women suffering from urogynecological disorders, we may distinguish hormonal vaginal treatment with oestrogens. Lately, there has been a new option of treatment- prasterone. It is prohormone which can be further metabolized and acts like both estrogens and androgens. The purpose of the study is to analyze the effect of short-term vaginal application of prasterone. We checked 39 women of age 28-85 suffering from prolapse or stress incontinence...

CONCLUSIONS: Minimally invasive VMR is a long-term, effective and safe surgical method for rectal prolapse, with a low recurrence rate, a relatively low complication rate and a significant improvement in functional outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that postoperative reduction in PVR may be associated with decreased BC at strong desire to void rather than increased tidal VV.

No abstract

CONCLUSIONS: Age-related indication shifts accompanied major route changes, with greater vaginal and minimally invasive use among older patients.

CONCLUSIONS: EP‑RSH may represent a feasible and safe expert‑level alternative to RSC in carefully selected patients. When performed by experienced robotic surgeons, EP‑RSH achieved comparable short‑term outcomes while avoiding peritoneal entry and Trendelenburg positioning. Further multicenter validation and structured training are warranted.

CONCLUSIONS: A two-port totally laparoscopic colonopexy provided effective stabilization of the colon and successful resolution of recurrent rectal prolapse in this cat. This approach may represent a valuable minimally invasive alternative in selected feline patients, particularly those with behavioural limitations that restrict postoperative handling and medical management.

BackgroundPhysiotherapy treatment for women with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) requires a holistic approach based on tensegrity theory and fascial connections.ObjectiveThe study examined the tension of transverse body structures (transverse diaphragms) in healthy women and women with pelvic organ prolapse. To draw attention to the fact that treating women with pelvic organ prolapse requires a holistic approach and not just pelvic floor muscle exercises.DesignA cross-sectional studies.MethodsThe...

Genital prolapse is very rare in neonates. In neonates affected by spina bifida, genital prolapse can occur due to improper nerve supply to the pelvic diaphragm. When genital prolapse occurs in neonates, it can be associated with severe morbidity as time goes on, since inflammation and infection can develop. This study reports a 3-day-old female neonate who presented with genital prolapse associated with meningomyelocele, which was successfully treated with bottle nipple support left for 5 days...

CONCLUSIONS: vNOTES High USLS appears to be a feasible and safe mesh-free alternative for advanced apical prolapse. Larger prospective studies are needed to confirm long-term outcomes.

<b>Introduction:</b> Full-thickness rectal prolapse (FTRP) is a multifactorial disease that can be treated with different surgicaltechniques. There is still no standard surgical procedure, and the selection of the surgical technique is based on the individualassessment and the experience of the surgeon. The benefits to patients should focus on repair of bowel prolapse, reduction ofconstipation, and an improvement in pelvic floor muscle insufficiency.<b>Aim:</b> Aim of...

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) repair using synthetic mesh introduces mechanical mismatches that significantly influence fibroblast behavior. As the primary mechanosensitive cells in vaginal connective tissue, fibroblasts respond to extracellular stiffness via mechanotransduction pathways, such as focal adhesions (FAs), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling, and others. These pathways regulate key cellular responses, including proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation into...

CONCLUSIONS: An advanced stage of anterior compartment prolapse was the main factor that affected VD and OAB in women with POP.

Pelvic floor disorders (PFDs) such as pelvic organ prolapse (POP), urinary incontinence (UI), and fecal incontinence (FI) affect millions of women throughout the world. The aim of this review was to describe the socioeconomic burden of PFDs in women. A comprehensive literature search was performed in relevant databases to identify articles on this topic. The prevalence of pelvic floor disorders reaches up to 46% in adult women and many have >1 PFD. PFDs impair a woman's well-being, quality of...

CONCLUSIONS: Women showed significant enhancement in sexual function after receiving either posterior pelvic organ prolapse repair or a combination of posterior and anterior repair.

By employing network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques, this study seeks to elucidate the targets and molecular mechanisms of Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi decoction (BZYQD) in the management of pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Active components of BZYQD were identified via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis and matched with potential targets in POP utilizing databases like Swiss Target Prediction, Gene Expression Omnibus, and "Disease" + "Gene" + "NETwork" (DisGeNET). The...

CONCLUSIONS: No differences in pain scores, opiate consumption, time to first narcotic dose, or hospital length of stay were observed between the treatment and placebo groups. The routine use of intraperitoneal bupivacaine following POP surgery appears to have limited clinical utility.

CONCLUSION: SP robotic surgery offers improved immediate postoperative pain control compared with the TMP robotic approach following hysterectomy with concomitant sacrocolpopexy.

CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative UTI was associated with an increased risk of deep/organ space surgical site infection, perioperative transfusion, sepsis, readmission, and reoperation in the 30 days after surgery. However, overall 30-day complication rates were similar between groups. Postponing elective prolapse surgery for patients with a UTI may improve perioperative outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS: An intraoperative bundle that includes urethral re-prepping before all intraoperative instrumentation and keeping the Foley catheter in a gentamicin/saline solution when not in use demonstrated a 40% decrease in symptomatic UTIs within 30 days of surgery. Given the low cost and ease of implementation of these interventions, surgeons should consider incorporating these measures to help minimize postoperative UTIs after prolapse and anti-incontinence surgery.

CONCLUSION: The developed phantom enables realistic, structured training in presacral dissection and mesh fixation, supporting skill acquisition outside the operating room. Clinical Impact-By providing a cost-effective, reusable, and anatomically faithful simulator, this work contributes to safer training in gynecology and pelvic floor surgery, with potential integration into competency-based curricula and dry-lab facilities.

CONCLUSIONS: Placing an MUS before minimally invasive SCP did not affect SUI treatment outcomes at 3 months and was associated with shorter operative time.

CONCLUSION: Endometriosis diagnosis was not a significant predictor of mesh excision when controlling for other established risk factors.

CONCLUSION: Patients with IBD have increased GI complication risks after prolapse surgery compared with patients without IBD.

CONCLUSION: Reduced levels of circulating androgens, particularly Salivary free testosterone, may be associated with POP development and severity. Salivary free testosterone could serve as a non-invasive biomarker for POP risk stratification. Further longitudinal and multi-institutional studies are needed to clarify the role of androgens in POP pathophysiology.

CONCLUSION: Although the operative time and VAS scores were lower in the vNOTES group, both vNOTES and laparoscopic HUSLS provide effective and safe for apical prolapse repair following hysterectomy, with comparable anatomic success and low complication rates.

CONCLUSION: A prolonged SSL (≥ 3 h) is associated with weaker PFM strength, greater muscle fatigue, enlarged levator hiatus, and a higher incidence of POP in primiparous women delivering macrosomic foetuses.

CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative UDS in women with POP stages III - IV increases diagnostic yield, influences surgical planning, and raises the number of concomitant sling procedures. However, it does not alter postoperative outcomes in patients deemed continent on PE.

The biomechanical mechanism between genital hiatus (GH), intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is currently unclear. Therefore, two biomechanical models for comparative analysis are developed to discuss the biomechanical relations of IAP and GH with prolapse of anterior and posterior vaginal walls (AVW and PVW) in the injured pelvic floor system. Based on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pelvic floor of a healthy woman, we developed two 2D finite element...

Background and Objectives: The close anatomical relationship between pelvic support structures and the lower urinary tract contributes to high rates of urinary dysfunction among patients with pelvic organ prolapse (POP). POP reduction alone has been shown to alter urinary tract functioning. The aim of this study was to assess urinary functioning outcomes following a novel reconstructive surgical technique for POP. Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted between...

Background and Objectives: After the publication by Haylen et al. introducing the MUSPACC (midline uterosacral plication anterior colporrhaphy combination) procedure, we implemented this technique in our clinical practice for the treatment of cystocele and vaginal vault prolapse (VVP). The aims of this study were to evaluate peri- and postoperative complications, as well as vaginal and urinary symptoms, including patient satisfaction 3 months postoperatively. Materials and Methods: A...

CONCLUSIONS: In women undergoing LLS for POP, STH was associated with superior apical support and better sexual function at both 12 and 24 months, with shorter operative time and a numerically lower rate of mesh exposure compared with TH. Given the non-randomized design, these findings should be interpreted as hypothesis-generating. Prospective randomized trials are warranted to confirm these associations.

CONCLUSIONS: Ring pessary therapy is a useful conservative treatment option for Japanese women with POP. SM may facilitate successful fitting and prolonged continuation when appropriate patient instruction and follow-up are provided.

CONCLUSION: TVM continues to be a reliable and effective option for POP management. Taiwan's experience highlights the importance of proper training, patient selection, and surgical refinement in minimizing complications. Long-term follow-up and awareness of red-flag symptoms remains essential.

CONCLUSION: This study shows that combined surgery for treatment of POP and SUI is more efficient than staged one, in 12-months follow-up period. Furthermore, patients with occult SUI had better outcome than those with overt SUI.

BACKGROUND: Anterior compartment prolapse is the most common pelvic organ prolapse. Clinicians have utilised various surgical techniques to minimise the rate of recurrent pelvic organ prolapse (POP).

CONCLUSION: The available literature is limited to small, mostly single-arm studies with short- to medium-term follow-up. Key gaps include a lack of direct comparative trials with mesh, long-term durability data, and standardised outcome reporting.

CONCLUSION: Our study highlights the complexity of women's sexual experiences before and after POP surgery. Clinical counseling around the impact of surgical repair of POP on sexual activity should include expectation management, including the timeline for recovery and which aspects of sexuality may improve.

CONCLUSIONS: Perineal body length is differentially associated with anterior and posterior prolapse, reflecting compartment-specific pelvic floor support. The cross-sectional design and lack of pre-delivery measurements mean findings are associative (not causal) and should be validated in larger prospective studies.

CONCLUSIONS: Levator avulsion type does not seem to significantly affect hiatal area.

CONCLUSIONS: Compared with vaginal wall repair alone, the combined approach of laparoscopic suspension and vaginal wall repair improves postoperative pelvic floor function and quality-of-life outcomes without increasing the risk of complications, supporting its role as a valuable surgical option for selected patients with POP.

CONCLUSION: ISFF is a safe approach that showed no statistically significant difference in recurrence results and improved quality of life scores compared to SSLF. Due to the relatively small sample size (N = 42), this study is underpowered to definitively claim equivalence or non-inferiority between the two procedures. This long-term study on native tissue transvaginal repair for POP indicates the clinical use of ISFF is safe and long-lasting.

Robotic surgery has transformed urogynecology, particularly in the management of pelvic organ prolapse; however, its intellectual structure, thematic evolution, and global collaboration patterns remain insufficiently synthesized. This study aimed to map the scientific landscape, performance dynamics, and conceptual transitions in robotic urogynecology research from 1978 to 2025. A bibliometric analysis of 1,420 Scopus-indexed documents was conducted using Bibliometrix (R/Biblioshiny) and...