Hand & Wrist – Pubmed Results

RATIONALE: Surgery is used to treat persistent pain and dysfunction due to osteoarthritis at the base of the thumb, when conservative management is no longer effective. This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in 2005.

CONCLUSION: Patients treated with volar plate fixation demonstrated more pronounced subclinical ultrasonographic and electrophysiological median nerve alterations compared with those treated conservatively with cast immobilization. However, given the retrospective and non-randomized design, these findings should be interpreted as associative rather than causal. Combined ultrasonographic and electrophysiological assessment may be useful for detecting early median nerve involvement and guiding...

Background and Objectives: Dupuytren's disease (DD) most commonly affects the palm and metacarpophalangeal/proximal interphalangeal joints; distal digital involvement at the distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ) is uncommon and incompletely characterised. This systematic review summarises reported cases of DD involving the DIPJ, with or without proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) involvement, focusing on clinical patterns, management, and reported outcomes. Materials and Methods: A systematic...

Rupture of the extensor pollicis longus (EPL) tendon is a recognised complication after distal radius fracture (DRF) that leads to loss of active thumb extension. Transfer of the extensor indicis proprius (EIP) tendon to the EPL is one of the most common reconstructive procedures, but prospective outcome data are limited. This study evaluated functional and patient-reported outcomes after EIP-to-EPL tendon transfer exclusively in patients with EPL rupture secondary to DRF. Thirty consecutive...

INTRODUCTION: We evaluated construct validity of a 3D-printed displaced, unstable distal radius fracture (DRF) model for closed reduction and percutaneous pinning (CRPP). We hypothesized that clinical DRF experience levels would correlate with performance metrics during model CRPP.

INTRODUCTION: Trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis (TMO) is among the most prevalent forms of upper extremity osteoarthritis. It is frequently associated with significant levels of pain and disability, particularly among ageing women. The typical care pathway for TMO relies on non-surgical approaches for up to 2 years, before surgery is considered. One of the most common non-surgical approaches is an intra-articular cortisone injection. However, these are not universally recommended due to their...

CONCLUSION: Isolated scaphoidectomy for type II SLAC and SNAC wrist is a reliable and simple surgical procedure which could be proposed only after careful patient selection. This procedure has maintained a high level of satisfaction at long-term follow-up despite the radiological deterioration. It is far less invasive and requires a shorter time of functional recovery than Four Corner Fusion and Proximal Row Carpectomy in elderly or low-demanding patients with good pain relief. In case of...

Distal radius fractures are among the most prevalent fractures, accounting for approximately 17% of all fractures treated. Given the high prevalence of these fractures, particularly in the older adults population, determining the optimal treatment approach is of utmost clinical importance. While previous research has highlighted both the advantages and drawbacks of surgical and conservative treatment strategies, there remains a lack of consensus regarding which approach yields superior outcomes...

This study aimed to identify independent risk factors associated with poor wrist function recovery 6 months after internal fixation of distal radius fractures (DRF) and develop machine learning models for early risk prediction. This retrospective study included 328 patients who underwent internal fixation for DRF at our hospital between January 2022 and June 2025. Wrist function was evaluated using the Cooney Wrist Score at 6 months postoperatively. Poor recovery was defined as a Cooney score...

CONCLUSION: Proximal phalangeal base fracture-dislocations with partial-articular bone loss pose reconstructive challenges. We present a rare case of proximal phalangeal base articular reconstruction using distal tibial osteochondral allograft.

This study aimed to review the postoperative outcomes of surgical treatment options for wrist ganglion cysts and perform a meta-analysis comparing the 2 most common techniques: open and arthroscopic resection. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases for articles that compared the clinical outcomes of patients who underwent arthroscopic or open resection of the wrist ganglion. After screening, we identified two randomized controlled trials and four retrospective...

CONCLUSION: This case series demonstrates that split hamate fracture can achieve excellent functional and radiological outcomes with surgical treatment, while also highlighting specific challenges in surgical approach and osteosynthesis.

Hand osteoarthritis (HOA) is a common musculoskeletal condition characterized by joint pain and structural changes; however, the role of systemic inflammation in its pathogenesis remains unclear. This retrospective case-control study aimed to evaluate both traditional and novel systemic inflammatory markers in patients with HOA and to examine their associations with Kellgren-Lawrence grade and erosive disease. A total of 175 patients with HOA and 94 age- and sex-matched controls were included....

Hominin forelimbs have evolved from primarily locomotive to manipulative appendages over approximately 6 million years. As such, hand functions in fossil hominins and the Pan-Homo last common ancestor (LCA) are intensely debated, with carpal morphology central to this debate. However, owing to their irregular and challenging shapes, few studies have comprehensively quantified carpal morphology. We analyse the overall carpal morphology of anthropoids, including fossil hominins, using spherical...

CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The change in the post-fracture care system from a traditional to a self-monitoring has shown great effectiveness and safety for patients. This improved the work of the hand clinic, improved patients' access, increased satisfaction and reduced costs.

CONCLUSION: The modified Henry approach preserving the FCR tendon sheath significantly improves early postoperative pain relief and functional recovery, with sustained benefits in pain and grip strength up to 12 months. This technique does not increase surgical difficulty, reduces complication risk, and follows the ERAS principle, showing high clinical value.

CONCLUSIONS: The crutch-bend modification of retrograde ESIN was associated with improved postoperative radiographic alignment in this retrospective cohort. Whether this translates into clinically meaningful advantages remains uncertain and requires further investigation in larger prospective studies.

Distal radius fractures (DRFs) account for 15% of all fractures in adults. Optimal treatment of DRFs depend on patient and fracture characteristics. Non- or minimally displaced DRFs can be treated nonoperatively with a cast. Although surgical treatment is becoming more popular, the majority of patients with a DRF are still treated nonoperatively. In addition, these considerations may be different for elderly patients. Conflicting evidence exists on the different aspects of treatment of DRFs....

CONCLUSION: Lateral infraclavicular block with ropivacaine 0.2% failed to demonstrate noninferiority for block success and was statistically inferior to ropivacaine 0.5%. Inferiority testing should be interpreted cautiously within the context of a noninferiority design, although the results suggest reduced effectiveness for distal radius fracture reduction. Lidocaine 1% with epinephrine yielded inconclusive results for noninferiority on block success, but provided a shorter block duration...

CONCLUSION: This nationwide study shows increased all-cause mortality among patients with DRF compared with sex and age-matched controls, with the highest mortality rate within the first 30 days after the fracture. The mortality rate ratio was consistently higher in the age-group 50-59 and among males.

CONCLUSION: Bipartite lunate is a rare developmental anomaly that is usually asymptomatic. Operative intervention directed at treating involved osteoarthritic joints is warranted in the rare symptomatic patient. Clinicians should be aware of the pathology given its high rate of misdiagnosis.

CONCLUSION: Hand involvement in PMR could be clearly differentiated in ceMRI from RA+ by the intensity of periarticular inflammation of MCP joints.

CONCLUSION: Iliac bone grafting under wrist arthroscopy for stageⅡavascular necrosis of the lunate can improve wrist function, relieve pain relief, reduce the limitation of wrist motion, demonstrateing reliable efficacy and favorable safety.

CONCLUSIONS: This study helped establish a 'point- baseline' method which can be readily and easily used to identify the severity of radial translation, which was a significant predictor of DRUJ instability. On the other hand, whether or not severe radial translation, treatment of DRUJ instability by the three major ways: (1) the ulnar styloid fracture fixation; (2) the dorsal ulnar corner fragment fixation; and (3) traumatic TFCC injuries repairing.

CONCLUSION: These results revealed a high prevalence of latent osteoporosis, regardless of age, sex, or injury mechanism. DXA testing should be recommended to prevent secondary fragility fractures for all DRF patients aged 50 and older, including males.

Scaphoid non-union or malunion often produces a three-dimensional (3D) deformity that alters wrist biomechanics. Patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) has been introduced to improve reconstruction accuracy, but quantitative comparisons with conventional free-hand techniques remain limited. We retrospectively analyzed 115 scaphoid reconstructions performed between 2010 and 2019; 89 cases met inclusion criteria (45 PSI, 44 conventional). Distal-fragment rotation (flexion/extension, ulnar/radial...

CONCLUSIONS: A targeted quality improvement initiative combining education and practical tools can lead to meaningful improvements in adherence to tourniquet safety guidelines. Despite these gains, persistent documentation gaps highlight the need for more robust, system-level solutions, such as integration into electronic health records, to ensure sustained compliance and enhance patient safety.

Background and Objectives: Distal radius fractures (DRFs) are among the most common upper-extremity injuries in the elderly, with malunion leading to long-term pain and disability. This study aimed to compare the discriminative performance of the Cast Index (CI), Gap Index (GI), and Three-Point Index (TPI) for predicting malunion during follow-up after closed reduction and casting in elderly patients with dorsally displaced DRFs. Materials and Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed 274...

CONCLUSIONS: In this comparison of surgical and non-surgical treatment for distal radius fractures across hospitals with varying surgical rates, comminuted intra-articular distal radius fractures (AO 23-C2/C3) treated surgically were associated with better one-year patient-reported outcomes than those treated non-surgically.

CONCLUSIONS: The HSISAS framework provides a quantitative, non-contact optical measure of treatment-related spectral changes in RA. This method may offer translational potential for disease monitoring and may complement existing ultrasound and laboratory assessments.

CONCLUSION: Most distal radius fracture reductions were done with a hematoma block. Ultrasound-guided nerve block was a less common than procedural sedation, and done predominantly in the community EDs. Procedural sedation and UGNB were most effective to reduce pain. Triage severity scores, milligrams of morphine equivalents, and length of stay were similar between UGNB and procedural sedation.

CONCLUSIONS: Volar locking plate fixation for intra and extra-articular distal radius fractures demonstrated excellent clinical, functional, and radiographic outcomes in this cohort of 34 patients. The low-profile design and anatomical contouring of modern plates minimized complications while promoting effective pain relief and rapid functional recovery.

CONCLUSION: Exposed K-wire fixation for metacarpal fractures appears safe and reliable, with low complication rates and favorable patient-reported outcomes, supporting its use in outpatient pathways without compromising safety.

CONCLUSION: Our results confirm the reliability of this reference point, particularly in stages 1–3. While useful in stage 4, additional caution is required due to slightly reduced precision.

Distal radius fractures, specifically Colles-type injuries, are highly prevalent in older females and typically result from falls on an outstretched hand. Clinically, these fractures appear to originate on the volar side of the distal radius due to a substantial dorsiflexion bending moment, yet most biomechanical and finite element (FE) studies rely on simplified axial loading assumptions that fail to reproduce the tensile strain gradients responsible for these fractures. This study quantified...

Foreign body granuloma of the phalanx is an exceptionally rare entity in pediatric populations. Herein, we present a case involving a 10-year-old male patient with a granuloma of the proximal phalanx of the right index finger, initially misinterpreted as an osteoid osteoma on magnetic resonance imaging. The lesion manifested as a progressively enlarging, painful swelling over five months, with no antecedent trauma reported. Surgical exploration revealed a plant thorn embedded within an...

CONCLUSION: Over 2 years, a considerable proportion of patients demonstrated radiographic progression. Progressors were especially those with erosive disease, more radiographic damage (most pronounced in younger females) and bone marrow lesions at baseline.

CONCLUSIONS: Arthroscopy-assisted osteosynthesis with percutaneous compression screw and cancellous bone grafting has proven to be a viable method for the treatment of scaphoid pseudarthrosis, with low morbidity, good functional mid-term outcomes, and short consolidation periods.

CONCLUSIONS: In spite of a large number of clinical and radiological complications during follow-up, long-term functional results are good in this kind of wrist injuries.

CONCLUSIONS: The implantation of a stabilized partial scaphoid prosthesis does not significantly modify the movement pattern of a healthy wrist. Therefore, in the future it could be a viable alternative for the treatment of recalcitrant pathology of the carpal scaphoid.

Distal radius fractures are common injuries that every orthopedic surgeon must be able to treat effectively. Achieving good outcomes without surgery is complex: it requires proper maneuvers in the emergency department, follow-up visits with cast adjustments or replacements, and follow-up radiographs, often resulting in discomfort for the patient. Additionally, some specialists, especially younger ones, are drawn to the perceived ease and convenience of surgical procedures, which contributes to...

CONCLUSIONS: The use of TMP in patients with trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis has excellent short and medium-term results, regardless of STT involvement, so it should not be a contraindication for osteoarthritis at this level.

CONCLUSIONS: The use of TMP in patients with trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis has excellent short and medium-term results, regardless of STT involvement, so it should not be a contraindication for osteoarthritis at this level.

CONCLUSIONS: This study represents the first investigation to analyse the anatomical characteristics of the metacarpals in the Colombian population and compare them with the intramedullary screws available in the country. It seeks to provide surgeons with guidance for surgical planning in the context of fracture fixation with intramedullary screws.

Distal radius fractures are common injuries that every orthopaedic surgeon must be able to treat effectively. Achieving good outcomes without surgery is complex: it requires proper manoeuvres in the emergency department, follow-up visits with cast adjustments or replacements, and follow-up radiographs, often resulting in discomfort for the patient. Additionally, some specialists, especially younger ones, are drawn to the perceived ease and convenience of surgical procedures, which contributes to...

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CONCLUSIONS: Arthroscopy-assisted osteosynthesis with percutaneous compression screw and cancellous bone grafting has proven to be a viable method for the treatment of scaphoid pseudarthrosis, with low morbidity, good functional mid-term outcomes, and short consolidation periods.

CONCLUSIONS: This study represents the first investigation to analyze the anatomical characteristics of the metacarpals in the Colombian population and compare them with the intramedullary screws available in the country. It seeks to provide surgeons with guidance for surgical planning in the context of fracture fixation with intramedullary screws.

Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) is a rehabilitation technique that helps restore or improve motor function by activating muscles through the distribution of electrical signals to nerves or muscles. However, because of the nonlinear and time-varying characteristics of muscle feedback to external electrical stimulation, achieving highly accurate real-time control is difficult. To precisely control the angles of the elbow joint and wrist joints of the upper limb simultaneously, this study...

The Yak (Bos grunniens) is a specialized bovine physiologically and anatomically adapted to high-altitude regions. Detailed osteological data regarding the distal limbs, are still unexplored. This study presents a comprehensive anatomical and osteometric analysis of the distal limb bones (metacarpus, metatarsus, and phalanges) in both limbs of adult yaks (n = 20; 10 males, 10 females) from the high-altitude Gilgit-Baltistan region of Pakistan. Morphometric parameters were analyzed to evaluate...