Respiratory Tract Infections Pubmed Results

CONCLUSIONS: This study successfully developed the first PopPK model for eravacycline in critically ill patients with CRAB pneumonia. The findings highlight substantial pharmacokinetic variability and demonstrate that weight-based dosing is crucial to ensure effective exposure, underscoring the necessity of PK/PD-guided personalized therapy.

CONCLUSION: Substantial mental health challenges were observed in both pre- and post-vaccine phases of the pandemic, particularly among women, younger adults, and non-citizens. Protective coping strategies, especially faith-based and social support mechanisms, should thus be integrated into pandemic preparedness alongside biomedical responses.

CONCLUSIONS: The lung interstitial-to-airway/alveolar cross-compartment sharing pattern of activated immune cells (Pattern 1a) provide a robust working hypothesis for clinical and translational research for severe pneumonia.

CONCLUSION: We developed and internally validated a practical nomogram that integrates clinical variables with immune-inflammation-nutrition indicators to predict 28-day mortality in sepsis patients with severe fungal pneumonia. This tool may help clinicians with early risk stratification and individualized treatment decisions.

CONCLUSION: By integrating statistical, seasonal, and nonlinear modeling approaches, Stacked-NNLS demonstrated robust predictive performance in capturing influenza trends, seasonal fluctuations, and complex interactions among multiple factors, suggesting its potential utility for infectious disease early warning and public health decision-making.

Influenza A, an acute or subacute respiratory infectious disease caused by the influenza A virus (IAV), affects humans and animals, and poses a serious threat to public health. Currently, IAV prevention and treatment rely primarily on antiviral drugs and nebulization therapy. Although these methods offer rapid efficacy, prolonged or excessive use often induces drug resistance and sequelae, and has high costs. Throughout China's history, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has repeatedly resisted...

INTRODUCTION: The emergence of immune-evasive SARS-CoV-2 variants has exposed limitations in the breadth and durability of protection conferred by current Spike-based vaccines, highlighting the need for next-generation approaches targeting conserved viral regions. Here, we describe the design and preclinical evaluation of an optimized multi-epitope vaccine, CoV2-BMEPu.

Prolonged grief disorder (PGD), recently classified in ICD-11 and DSM-5-TR, is characterized by persistent and functionally impairing grief lasting beyond 6-12 months. The COVID-19 pandemic was accompanied by widespread mortality, social isolation, disrupted mourning rituals, and social disconnection, raising concerns about a potentially high burden of PGD during the pandemic period. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis, following PRISMA guidelines and PROSPERO registration...

CONCLUSIONS: The level of illegitimate work varies across different occupations, with a higher prevalence in female-dominated, human service fields compared to male-dominated technical roles. Addressing the growing care needs with more human resources will be challenging. One possible solution is to increase available working time by reducing illegitimate and especially unnecessary tasks. Overall, this study contributes to a better understanding of how an important aspect of the work...

CONCLUSIONS: The study findings offer confirmation that the expansion of virtual nursing models into medical-surgical acute care settings is associated with improved patient experiences. Many patients reported that they appreciated the virtual nurse and were comfortable with the technology. Some patients voiced concerns about privacy, which eased over time. Others worried that virtual nurses might replace bedside nurses. These findings indicate a need for improvement in how virtual nursing...

Background and objectives Cancer is a leading cause of death in India, with delays in diagnosis and treatment contributing to poor outcomes. Although several studies document these delays, most focus on single cancer types or specific regions. This review aimed to synthesise evidence across cancers to identify barriers to help-seeking and their implications for cancer control in India. Methods A scoping review was conducted using Arksey and O'Malley and Levac frameworks, guided by the PRISMA-ScR...

CONCLUSIONS: Penn State responded to the COVID-19 pandemic with an innovative course that developed students' real-time understanding of pandemic response. Students gained knowledge and skills relevant to the practice of public health. Based on the positive student feedback, the course will serve as a model for future classes on public health and emergency management.

CONCLUSIONS: In this pilot randomized controlled trial, the resveratrol/β-glucan nasal spray was safe and well tolerated. Although the study did not show a statistically significant effect on the primary endpoint, the observed numerical differences consistently favored the intervention. These findings should be interpreted as exploratory and hypothesis-generating and require confirmation in larger adequately powered studies.

CONCLUSIONS: In multilayer urban contact networks with community structure, our results indicate that intensifying incidental encounters can change the main contributors to transmission even when overall contact opportunities and routine contacts are unchanged. We present an analysis framework under explicit daily-contact constraints to identify this contributor shift and its transition point, supporting comparisons of intervention priorities across social contact conditions.

GOAL: High turnover and turnover intention among nurses persists worldwide, necessitating a study of deterrents such as personal spiritual beliefs and posttraumatic growth (PTG). PTG refers to positive psychological changes that occur in response to struggle with highly stressful or traumatic experiences. This study aims to verify a hypothetical model that explains nurse turnover intention in South Korean hospitals since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.

» Virtual and hybrid mentorship models have transitioned from temporary coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic responses to durable, scalable components of the orthopaedic training curriculum. » Despite high trainee satisfaction, most orthopaedic virtual mentorship programs rely on short-term, self-reported metrics and lack the objective, longitudinal tracking of research productivity or career advancement seen in other specialties. » While virtual pipelines demonstrate the potential to broaden...

The tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) 34 protein is an interferon (IFN)-induced protein whose expression is upregulated after influenza A virus (IAV) infection. Here, we identify a previously unknown function for TRIM34 as a negative regulator of innate immune responses following IFN treatment and IAV infection, even in mice, suggesting that this effect is broad and conserved. Complementary overexpression and silencing experiments in cultured cells show that TRIM34 expression positively...

Invasive pulmonary mucormycosis (IPM) is a severe opportunistic mold infection whose outcome is predominantly host driven. Preclinical proof-of-concept studies and clinical case reports in salvage therapy settings suggested a benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in IPM management. However, the kinetics of infection-induced immune paralysis and optimal timing of ICI therapy remain poorly understood. Here, we performed sequential nCounter-based transcriptomics on lung tissue of...

AIM: The current study aimed to explore the lived experiences of nurses providing care to patients with COVID-19.

Amidst the abrupt school closure due to the COVID-19 pandemic, adolescents faced unexpected challenges. Drawing on data collected 1 week before, during, and 1 year after the first COVID-19 school closure in Belgium, this study investigated (1) changes in life satisfaction, (2) whether parent-child relationship quality served as a protective factor during school closures over and beyond COVID-19-related concerns; and (3) differences among early adolescents (N = 124, M(age) = 12.86, 40.3% girls,...

We report two singular cases of sudden death in which the cause was advanced tuberculosis infection. In the first case, a 24-year-old man died suddenly following massive hemoptysis due to erosion of the pulmonary vessels. The second case involved a 29-year-old man who died unexpectedly from asphyxia secondary to hemoptysis caused by fibrocavitatory tuberculosis. Toxicological screening and HIV testing were negative in both cases. Medico-legal autopsy, combined with detailed histological...

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) demonstrates expanding applications in infectious diseases through its multimodal mechanisms. As an adjunctive treatment, HBOT directly exerts antimicrobial effects through oxygen toxicity and reactive oxygen species generation, while indirectly enhances host immunity by improving neutrophil function and promoting tissue repair. Clinical evidence supports its adjunctive use in complex infections including diabetic foot wounds, necrotizing soft tissue infections,...

Background. Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is a common causative pathogen of community-acquired pneumonia in children, with clinical presentations ranging in severity. Early stratification and timely intervention are essential for improving patient outcomes. However, a major clinical challenge lies in the limited ability to accurately distinguish between mild and severe cases based solely on early clinical indicators.Methods. This prospective real-world study investigated the differences in...

CONCLUSIONS: The pathogenic diagnosis of mNGS in BALF of patients with lower respiratory tract infections is su-perior to conventional culture detection; it can detect more and a wider range of pathogens, helping to promote rational drug use and improve patient prognosis in clinical practice.

CONCLUSIONS: Early-life hospitalisation for HRV or RSV, particularly at 13-24 months of age, may be associated with increased risk of asthma and greater asthma morbidity. These findings suggest a potential role of infection timing in shaping long-term respiratory outcomes.

BACKGROUND: Glucose metabolism disorders (GMDs) are established risk factors for severe COVID-19, but increasing evidence indicates that they may also develop de novo after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Neutrophil extracellular trap formation (NETosis) plays a central role in immunothrombosis, and because neutrophils rely predominantly on glycolysis, they are particularly sensitive to systemic metabolic disturbances. However, the impact of post-COVID-19 GMDs on NETosis remains poorly understood. This...

CONCLUSION: A symptom-based rehabilitation programme significantly improved HRQoL in individuals with PCC after 3 weeks, with some benefits persisting at 3 months.

CONCLUSIONS: Post-COVID-19 HZ is associated with an increased risk of peripheral nervous system disorders, highlighting the need for symptom-based neurological awareness during both early and delayed post-infectious periods.

CONCLUSIONS: VCs offer an opportunity to improve digital inclusion in health care for people with intellectual disabilities. However, the quality and safety of VCs for this population are dependent on continuous review of patients' needs over time and ensuring that their choices and preferences are considered when planning and providing ongoing care.

Understanding the complex epidemiological and virological characteristics of influenza is critical for optimizing seasonal influenza control and prevention programs; to this end, we analyzed the influenza and influenza-like illness (ILI) cases reported in Zhejiang Province from 2010 to 2025. Annual average percentage (AAP) approach was used to estimate the influenza seasonal epidemic onset and duration. Generalized additive model (GAM) was used to explore the nonlinear relationship between age...

Glomerulonephritis (GN), secondary to tuberculosis, is quite a rare condition. Here we report the case of membranous nephropathy, which completely resolved after the treatment of tuberculosis. A 42-year-old man presented to a nephrologist with burning micturition. His urine routine examination (RE) was suggestive of 2+ protein. His 24-hour urinary protein was 4.2 grams. Renal biopsy revealed membranous nephropathy. His autoimmune, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV workups were non-conclusive....

BACKGROUND Legionella pneumophila is a common and often severe cause of community-acquired pneumonia. Infection with this organism is also known to be associated with a wide range of extrapulmonary manifestations, such as neurologic deficits, hyponatremia, acute kidney injury, and elevated liver enzymes. Other complications, such as rhabdomyolysis and hypertriglyceridemia, are rare. CASE REPORT A rare presentation of Legionella infection was observed in a 34-year-old man, characterized by severe...

Influenza virus A (H1N1) can lead to acute respiratory infection, while Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune peripheral neuropathy, which can work as a post-infectious disease. There are clinical observations showing the existence of a possible relationship between the presence of H1N1 infection and GBS disease, and therefore there could be common immunopathological pathways associated with H1N1 infection and GBS. The possible similarity between H1N1 infection and GBS was further...

CONCLUSIONS: The clinical significance of detection of Pneumocystis jiroveci in immunocompetent children with LRTI should be further investigated, and specific therapy could be considered individually based on clinical symptoms, radiological features, and co-infection patterns.

This study aimed to evaluate the incidence density of Clostridioides difficile infections (CDIs), hand hygiene adherence, and antimicrobial consumption across Brazilian hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic. An ecological study was conducted in seven Brazilian hospitals from June 2018 to December 2019 (pre-pandemic) and from June 2020 to December 2021(pandemic). Data on CDI incidence density, hand hygiene adherence, and antimicrobial consumption were collected. CDI incidence was assessed based...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on parents' perceptions of their children's oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL). This longitudinal study was performed in two stages: baseline (T1), before the pandemic, and follow-up (T2), from August to November 2021. Children aged eight to eleven years and their parents who were seeking dental care or were referred to the Pediatric Dental Clinic of the School of Dentistry, residing in Pelotas, state of Rio...

Pulmonary cryptococcosis, an invasive fungal infection caused by Cryptococcus spp., is often misdiagnosed as tuberculosis or lung cancer due to overlapping clinical and radiological features, leading to treatment delays. In this descriptive study, we aim to characterize the diagnostic findings and clinical utility of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in a series of patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis, within the context of other available diagnostic modalities. We retrospectively...

CONCLUSION: While simple drainage of PPE should not be attempted, thoracoscopic decortication and fibrinolysis seem equally effective. There was a shorter treatment duration with thoracoscopic decortication and no increase in complications, so the authors recommend it should be employed promptly when fibrinolysis is contraindicated, as in necrotizing pneumonia.

Real-world data on the safety of COVID-19 booster doses in Asian populations are needed to inform national immunization programs. The safety profile of mRNA-1273 (Moderna, Inc.) was evaluated using post-marketing observational data. PubMed and EMBASE were searched on June 30, 2025, for studies meeting the following predefined criteria: observational design, adverse events (AEs), mRNA-1273 boosters (dose 3+), and population data from the South-East Asia and Western-Pacific regions. Data on study...

CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a post-COVID-19 perspective on patient-generated HPV vaccine discourse by integrating thematic content with sentiment and temporal trends. Prior studies have been limited by a narrower thematic scope and have focused on prepandemic periods. By examining discussions on an anonymous platform such as Reddit, this analysis captures personal conversations and assesses pandemic-related shifts in discourse. These findings add to the literature on digital vaccine...

CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge of COVID-19 is associated with favorable attitudes and engagement in preventive practices across populations. Differences in perceived risk highlight the importance of tailoring risk communication and educational strategies to specific populations. KAP-focused educational interventions that explicitly address uncertainty, emotional responses, and behavioral translation may strengthen preparedness and promote sustained protective behaviors during future public health...

In recent years, the incidence of COVID-19-associated encephalitis and encephalopathy has decreased due to viral mutations and the acquisition of population immunity. The underlying mechanisms are now thought to involve immune-mediated pathology and cerebral microvascular injury, rather than direct viral invasion. In adults, encephalitis and encephalopathy are independent predictors of disease severity and mortality. In children, acute necrotizing encephalopathy is associated with high mortality...

Influenza is an acute respiratory infection that can cause influenza encephalopathy through a systemic inflammatory response mediated by the host immune system. This condition does not involve direct viral invasion of the brain and its pathogenesis is primarily driven by dysregulated host immune and inflammatory responses, including excessive cytokine production, leading to blood-brain barrier disruption, severe cerebral edema, and microcirculatory disturbances. Influenza encephalopathy is a...

CONCLUSIONS: IPRO-X applied to CXR of patients with signs and symptoms commonly related to pneumonia in the ED can accurately predict IP admission.

An immunocompetent adolescent male presented with severe tonsillitis that rapidly progressed to a life-threatening upper airway obstruction requiring intensive care. Initial empirical antibiotics were ineffective. Sputum culture isolated Raoultella ornithinolytica, a rare environmental pathogen. Treatment was commenced and titrated based on sensitivities leading to a full recovery. This case establishes R. ornithinolytica as a cause of severe obstructive tonsillitis in healthy immunocompetent...

CONCLUSIONS: Standardised stroke incidence increased significantly over the study period, highlighting a growing public health burden that persisted despite disruptions due to the pandemic although variation in case ascertainment and stroke coding practices was observed. While secondary prevention coverage for antiplatelets and lipids was high, lower rates of dispensing of antihypertensives, particularly in older and comorbid populations, potentially signal a target for improvement. Home-time...

Ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone syndrome is a distinct subtype of endogenous Cushing's syndrome characterized by excessive cortisol secretion, which increases susceptibility to opportunistic infections. Herein, we present the case of a male patient in his early 40s who was admitted with fatigue and bilateral lower-extremity edema. Laboratory tests revealed markedly elevated serum adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol levels. Ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone syndrome was confirmed via...

Predicting the shear strength of concrete elements is a complex challenge influenced by numerous factors, with the type of concrete playing a decisive role in structural performance. Lightweight concrete, offering a superior strength-to-weight ratio and improved thermal properties compared to conventional weight concrete, has gained increasing adoption in structural applications. This study proposes a deep neural network (DNN) model optimized using the COVID-19 optimization algorithm to predict...

Since the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, the successful distribution and application of mRNA vaccines have helped to contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and saved countless lives worldwide. mRNA vaccines are not only being developed and tested for infectious diseases, but also for numerous new applications, such as cancer therapy. Although the general mechanisms of mRNA vaccinations have been thoroughly studied, data regarding the local anatomical distribution after vaccination have been...

Post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) may vary across pandemic phases. We compared the prevalence of post-acute COVID-19 symptom clusters following SARS-CoV-2 infection in the early pandemic and during the Omicron era using a population-based approach. The EPILOC study enrolled individuals aged 18-65 years who tested PCR-positive for SARS-CoV-2 during the early pandemic, between October 2020 and April 2021, in defined geographic regions within Baden-Württemberg. EPILOC-Omicron used an identical design...