Asthma/Atopy Pubmed Results

CONCLUSIONS: We found that adherence was greater in children with asthma who were dispensed an ICS-LABA as compared to those dispensed an ICS-only inhaler; however, adherence rates were low in both groups. Higher hospitalization and ED visit rates among those prescribed ICS-LABA therapy likely reflect higher disease severity in this group. Our findings should be interpreted in light of claims-based adherence measures and potential residual confounding due to unmeasured asthma severity and...

CONCLUSION: We observed a high prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems in asthmatic patients, particularly in internalizing disorders. Our findings consistently demonstrated an association between various types of emotional and behavioral problems and asthma severity. These findings support the need for routine psychological screening and integration of mental health care in asthma management.

Allergic rhinitis (AR), asthma, and their combined allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome (CARAS) frequently coexist. However, the underlying pathophysiological and metabolic mechanisms, as well as reliable diagnostic differentiation, remain challenging. Carboxyl-containing metabolites (CCMs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of these conditions; therefore, this study aimed to comprehensively profile serum CCMs in pediatric patients. Sera from 63 children with AR, 41 with asthma, and 90...

CONCLUSION: Our results showed that having access to a PCMH was associated with a decreased likelihood of severe asthma symptoms. Additionally, there are sociodemographic factors that significantly impact the likelihood of children with asthma meeting criteria for a PCMH. Given the scale of children with asthma not having comprehensive medical care, national and state policies are needed to enhance access to services.

CONCLUSIONS: Biomarkers total immunoglobulin E, C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 were found to be associated with small airway obstruction, and their combination demonstrated high diagnostic power for identifying paediatric patients with both asthma and allergic rhinitis.

CONCLUSIONS: Early-life hospitalisation for HRV or RSV, particularly at 13-24 months of age, may be associated with increased risk of asthma and greater asthma morbidity. These findings suggest a potential role of infection timing in shaping long-term respiratory outcomes.

Asthma poses a significant public health burden globally, particularly among the elderly. While environmental and behavioral factors are implicated, their combined influence in aging populations remains underexplored. To investigate the association between physical activity (PA), air quality satisfaction, and asthma among middle-aged and elderly Chinese. Asthma prevalence was 2.7%, with 65.1% reporting air quality dissatisfaction. High PA significantly reduced asthma risk (adjusted odds ratio =...

CONCLUSION: Postnatal lung function was associated with subsequent bronchiolitis and childhood asthma. Additionally, the effect of maternal asthma during pregnancy on the outcomes was partially mediated by impaired lung function.

CONCLUSIONS: T2-high and T2-low asthma are distinguished by unique transcriptomic networks and have minimal microRNA overlaps. T2-low asthma was enriched for pathways involved with smooth muscle contraction. The LCs signatures are also modulated by benralizumab.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of indoor environmental pollution on childhood allergic diseases in recent years through Meta-analysis and explore the potential effects of pollution exposure on children's health. Methods: Literature published between January 2015 and March 2025 was retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, VIP Information Database, PubMed, and Web of Science. Additional studies were identified through reference tracing and...

CONCLUSION: It was determined that VR glasses reduced anxiety and fear, increased oxygen saturation, and reduced respiratory and pulse rates. They can thus be used as an alternative method to reduce fear and anxiety levels and balance vital signs during inhalation therapy in children.

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that prenatal exposures to vehicle traffic near home are associated with an increased risk of repeated childhood wheezing, and such associations are likely to be different between boys and girls. Early exposures to vehicle traffic and outdoor air pollution increase susceptibility to childhood wheeze without increasing the risk of atopic diseases.

CONCLUSIONS: The present study's findings provide insights into how caregivers understand asthma and its treatment in their children. These insights can serve as a basis for more targeted and effective educational interventions in Colombia and other countries with similar socio-economic and cultural conditions.

Asthma is characterized by persistent airway inflammation, and ferroptosis is closely related to this pathological manifestation. Although studies have explored the inducing factors of asthmatic inflammation, the regulatory mechanisms during the resolution phase and the role of ferroptosis in it remain unclear. In this study, proteomics was performed to characterize functional alterations in intrapulmonary airway epithelial cells during the resolution phase in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced...

CONCLUSIONS: Asthma in early childhood was associated with increased adiposity in adolescence assessed by body fat percentage, particularly among girls. These findings suggest that children with asthma may develop excess fat accumulation not fully captured by BMI and support the integration of body composition and metabolic risk assessment into pediatric asthma care.

CONCLUSION: miRNA profiling identified possible molecular asthma clusters with different clinical, physiologic, and treatment-related patterns.

Alternaria alternata is one of the most potent fungal allergens associated with allergic respiratory diseases, particularly asthma. Sensitization to A alternata has been linked to poor asthma control and increased morbidity, yet its prevalence varies widely across populations due to environmental and methodological differences. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and demographic predictors of A alternata sensitization among patients with moderate to severe asthma. A cross-sectional...

CONCLUSION: This quality improvement project demonstrated that structured reviews can clarify true SABA overuse and support safer, guideline-aligned prescribing in adolescents. The project delivered important qualitative gains through personalised action plans, improved inhaler technique education, and greater clinical awareness. These findings highlight the value of multidisciplinary collaboration and sustained audit cycles in improving adolescent asthma care.

CONCLUSION: This project demonstrates that identifying SABA inhaler overuse and implementing updated national guidelines can improve asthma control and prescribing in general practice. This model could be replicated across other primary care practices to improve patient outcomes and reduce healthcare system burden.

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of smoking asthmatic patients and to evaluate the efficacy of long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) in treating smoking asthmatic patients. Methods: The characteristic analysis study of smoking asthma was a case-control study, including 128 patients with bronchial asthma. According to whether the patients smoked, they were divided into the smoking asthma group and the non-smoking asthma group. The clinical data, blood indicators, lung...

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, obstruction, and persistent inflammation, arising from complex interactions among genetic, epigenetic, immune, and environmental factors. To elucidate the stage-specific molecular mechanisms underlying asthma progression, we constructed candidate genome-wide genetic and epigenetic networks (GWGENs) of human cells through large-scale biological database mining. Using a system order detection scheme,...

Allergic asthma is a prevalent chronic inflammatory disease of the airways whose pathogenesis has traditionally been attributed to localized immune dysfunction within the lung. However, accumulating evidence from microbiome research supports a broader system-level perspective in which cross-organ interactions contribute to disease susceptibility and progression. In particular, the gut-lung axis has emerged as a key regulatory pathway linking intestinal microbial ecology, immune development, and...

CONCLUSIONS: Folic acid deficiency is highly prevalent among children in the Mediterranean region of Croatia and is significantly associated with atopic diseases and markers of allergic inflammation. These findings highlight a potential role of folate status in paediatric allergic disease and support the need for longitudinal studies to clarify causality and potential clinical implications.

CONCLUSION: Immediate scheduling of smoking cessation clinic appointments resulted in significantly higher 12-month quit rates compared to usual care. These findings support the integration of proactive referral strategies into routine management of patients with chronic airway diseases.

CONCLUSION: PC20 variability is a highly sensitive and specific tool for diagnosing OA and may help reduce misdiagnosis associated with PEFR-based assessments. However, in patients where the methacholine challenge test is not feasible, PEFR variability remains a valuable alternative for diagnostic evaluation. Integrating PC20 variability into diagnostic protocols can enhance accuracy and improve patient management.

CONCLUSION: Our study concluded that mepolizumab is a cost-effectiveness treatment option for severe asthma in China, applicable across various patient subgroups. This finding is crucial for healthcare decision-makers in China, where balancing cost and health outcomes is essential due to limited resources.

CONCLUSIONS: LEAP is the first reference Canadian asthma policy model that emerged from identified needs for health policy planning for early interventions in asthma. It can provide a unified framework under which different interventions and policies can be consistently compared to identify those with the highest value proposition. The model needs to be gradually updated to accommodate other risk factors, and its validity should be independently examined.

CONCLUSION: Our study shows the high sensitivity and specificity and possible clinical implications of a CACh in the diagnosis of asthma. Further research is needed to confirm this.

BACKGROUND: Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs), such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), are heterogeneous conditions with a high multimorbidity burden. However, existing risk assessment instruments prioritise physiological measures while overlooking systemic comorbidities. We aim to develop and validate an electronic health record (EHR)-embedded artificial intelligence (AI) model-AiRES (AI in patients with RESpiratory disease)-to predict the 30-day, 90-day and 180-day...

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that short-term consumption of a sugar-rich diet is sufficient to exacerbate, but not initiate, allergic pulmonary inflammation. From a translational perspective, reducing dietary sugar intake may represent a valuable adjuvant strategy in the management of allergic asthma.

To estimate the risk projection of temperature on pediatric asthma severity and hospitalization under four Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) possible future climate scenarios using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) model. A retrospective study was conducted involving 102,160 pediatric asthma patients from the Taipei Medical University Clinical Research Database (TMUCRD). We utilized global climate model (GCM) outputs to project future temperature for each subject from...

CONCLUSIONS: This system architecture generated a multilayered visual map that shows the associations between various triggers and biomolecular interactions across airway and neuronal cell types in the lung and brain microenvironment, respectively. The architecture may be utilized for target identification, discovery of single and combination therapeutics, biomarkers, and clinical strategies to treat asthma endotypes.

CONCLUSIONS: This is the first clinical study to investigate the relationship between IL-27 and HDM-sIgE in children and to demonstrate a phenotype-specific interaction. IL-27 may act as a context-dependent immunomodulator rather than a simple Th2 suppressor. The positive correlation between IL-27 and Der p 1 sIgE in AR patients may indicate a compensatory feedback mechanism triggered by allergen-specific inflammation.

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest a dose-response association due to the interaction between prolonged exposure to dogs and cats and the increased prevalence of asthma in children. © 2026 Codon Publications. Published by Codon Publications.

CONCLUSION: Infants with RALS exhibit markedly reduced LF during symptomatic episodes. Furthermore, even when asymptomatic, they exhibit substantially lower LF than normal infants. These functional features support the notion that LF deficits are present very early in life in infants with RALS. This may also help explain the high prevalence of frequent and severe episodes observed in infants with RALS in clinical practice. © 2026 Codon Publications. Published by Codon Publications.

Asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) remains therapeutically challenging, and evidence for biologic selection is limited due to the under-representation of overlap phenotypes in trials. We report a T2-high ACO patient who did not benefit from omalizumab or benralizumab but improved with dupilumab. This presents the case of a 67-year-old man with a long-term smoking history, atopy (elevated total IgE with polysensitization), eosinophilia, persistent airflow limitation, and frequent exacerbations despite...

CONCLUSION: These outcomes highlight the potential of Tezepelumab to address both lower and upper airway disease, likely through TSLP blockade and modulation of airway remodeling. Early intervention may be critical to maximize benefit, emphasizing the importance of individualized, multidisciplinary management and precision medicine in severe asthma with PAO.

A 12-year-old boy with a family history of atopy and no relevant personal medical history was referred to the Pediatric Allergy Out-Clinic due to a persistent cough lasting 1 year, refractory to multiple therapeutic interventions. He presented with a daily productive cough, occasionally leading to vomiting, associated with exertional dyspnea during moderate physical activity. He denied any clear seasonality or identifiable triggers. He reported episodes of low-grade fever 2-3 days per month,...

Bronchial asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease in children. Treatment approaches should aim to achieve disease control, reduce limiting symptoms, and improve quality of life. The routine management of patients with asthma relies on the assessment of symptoms (including persistent cough and wheezing) and spirometry results However, these strategies do not consider the level of airway inflammation, which is a fundamental pathognomonic feature of the disease. The use of biomarkers...

Objective: To preliminarily investigate the diagnostic performance of ChatGPT-4.5 and DeepSeek-R1 large language models in assisting asthma diagnosis based on real-world clinical data. Methods: A diagnostic accuracy study design was employed. A total of 377 patients with suspected asthma who visited the respiratory outpatient department of Shanghai East Hospital between January and May 2023 and completed standardized pulmonary function tests and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO)...

Bronchial challenge tests are important clinical examinations for detecting airway hyperresponsiveness, with methacholine being a commonly used provocative agent. However, the previous guidelines had not been updated in a timely manner, leading to some problems in clinical application. The "Standard technical specifications for methacholine chloride (Methacholine) bronchial challenge test (2023)" is an updated and refined version of 2014 "Guidelines for Pulmonary Function Testing (Part...

The gut-lung axis links early-life microbial programming to long-term respiratory health, offering a pivotal framework for understanding childhood asthma pathogenesis. This review synthesizes current evidence on how disruptions in microbial-immune crosstalk during critical developmental windows shape asthma susceptibility. Perinatal determinants-including maternal diet, delivery mode, antibiotic exposure, and breastfeeding-establish gut microbial communities that educate the developing immune...

Lung IL-33 is involved in pathogen defense, barrier homeostasis, and development of allergic responses. We previously identified a 5 kb noncoding region within a GWAS-defined segment that regulates expression of human IL33 (hIL33) but is absent in the murine locus. To understand how this region affects IL-33 expression in vivo, we engineered 2 BAC-transgenic strains in which 166 kb of the human genome upstream of the hIL33 locus, along with a fluorescent reporter, was inserted into the murine...

CONCLUSION: This study provides novel insights into the complex relationships between osteoporosis treatments, bone health, and asthma risk. The use of MR analysis enhances the reliability of our findings and highlights the potential benefits of osteoporosis treatments in reducing asthma risk and improving lung function. These results call for further research and may have implications for developing integrated treatment approaches for individuals managing osteoporosis and asthma.

CONCLUSION: Higher GWG is associated with increased odds of childhood asthma, rhinitis, and sensitization. In contrast, maternal overweight/obesity is linked to lower odds of eczema, suggesting condition-specific effects of maternal weight on childhood allergy risk.

CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest extracellular vesicles present in pollen grains, which may represent a critical mechanism underlying pollen-induced airway inflammation. Targeting PDEVs may offer new therapeutic strategies for allergic airway diseases prevention and treatment.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Asthma remains a major health challenge affecting over 300 million people worldwide, with severe, steroid-resistant phenotypes affecting 5-10% of patients who fail to respond to current therapies. This review examines the emerging role of Ly6G⁺Nur77⁺ lung macrophages in allergic airway inflammation and asthma pathogenesis, and discusses their potential as novel therapeutic targets.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to synthesize literature investigating the relationship between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obstructive airway diseases and to identify implications for clinical care.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In Australia, asthma is the most common chronic childhood disease, with prevalence and care varying across communities. In three local government areas (LGAs) in Melbourne's inner west, we compared childhood asthma-related emergency department (ED) visits to Victoria overall, and explored parents' perceived enablers and barriers to community-based asthma care.

CONCLUSION: In adherent preschool children with true severe asthma, LABA initiation was associated with observed improvements in clinical outcomes. Still, prospective controlled studies with systematic safety surveillance are warranted.