Menopause Pubmed Results

We previously created a bone balance index (BBI) that combines bone resorption and formation markers (CTX and PINP, respectively) to estimate bone balance. The bone balance index quantifies net bone formation relative to resorption; greater values indicate a more favorable balance. This study examined the association of the BBI with incident fracture across the menopause transition and tested each individual bone turnover marker (BTM) (either CTX or PINP) as a separate predictor of fracture. We...

CONCLUSIONS: Based on data from the full cohort, no statistically significant group effects were observed in this study. Subgroup analyses revealed positive improvements in post-menopausal but not perimenopausal women in mood/psychological symptoms, sleep disturbance, and fatigue. However, these secondary analyses should be considered tentative and require confirmation in future trials.Clinical Trial Registration: https://anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12625000247471p.aspx, identifier ACTRN12625000247471p.

CONCLUSION: The 24-month MHT regimen effectively improved BMD, alleviated menopausal symptoms in a stage-dependent manner, and demonstrated a favorable breast safety profile. These findings support the role of MHT in the comprehensive management of postmenopausal health.

Older women have a higher risk of osteoporosis and fractures than men after menopause. This article presents a family caregiver's first-person perspective on navigating the healthcare system while caring for an 85-year-old mother following a left upper limb fracture requiring cast immobilization. Older women with fractures require extended care at home, where family members take on responsibilities usually handled by health professionals. The perspective reflects on systemic gaps in...

CONCLUSION: HRT improves menopausal symptoms and quality of life; however, partnership status appears to play a moderating role. A stable partnership may facilitate the integration of psychobiological processes of hormonal changes and contribute to improved subjective adaptation to menopause.

We read with interest Bonde et al's (1) recent review. We agree with their premise: strengthening causal inference is an important objective for occupational epidemiology. However, we believe the conclusion that "at most, any true effect [of job strain on ischemic heart disease (IHD)] appears to be small" is not supported by a valid appraisal of the available evidence. The pooled relative risk estimate (RRE) of 1.14 is most likely underestimated, as common limitations in the available literature...

INTRODUCTION: Disruption of brain glucose and lipid metabolism contributes to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and often emerges before clinical symptoms. Women are at increased AD risk due to menopause-associated estrogen decline, which impairs mitochondrial function and glucose metabolism. Women's risk of AD is further exacerbated by the APOE4 allele, the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset AD.

Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR), affecting more than 10% of reproductive-aged women, leads to impaired fertility and systemic health disturbances. Baozhu Granule, a novel Chinese herbal formulation, has shown potential ovarian-protective effects in preliminary studies. This exploratory clinical trial aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of Baozhu Granule in patients diagnosed with DOR. In this prospective, single-arm, open-label trial, 134 women aged 18-45 years with confirmed DOR were...

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Oocyte cryopreservation (OC) is an increasingly utilized fertility preservation strategy, particularly for women with diminished ovarian reserve or those facing gonadotoxic treatments, yet its impact on quality of life (QoL) remains incompletely understood. This prospective cross-sectional study evaluated QoL in women undergoing OC using the validated FertiQol questionnaire and investigated demographic and reproductive factors associated with QoL outcomes. A total of 102 women aged 22-49 years...

BACKGROUND: The combination of a rising incidence of early-onset cancer and the trend towards delayed parenthood has made the impact of treatments on fertility highly significant. While there is abundant evidence on oncofertility outcomes of anti-cancer treatment protocols used in people with breast cancer and haematological malignancies, data regarding gonadal toxicity and fertility preservation in young people with other cancers are lacking. We aimed to systematically review gonadal toxicity,...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Perimenopause is a clinically distinct stage in which abnormal uterine bleeding, fibroids, adenomyosis, endometriosis, and adnexal pathology may require surgical evaluation. Management is complex because symptom burden and structural disease must be balanced against proximity to menopause, potential spontaneous improvement and the risks of undertreatment or overtreatment. This review summarizes evidence on complex benign gynecology in perimenopausal women, focusing on surgical...

CONCLUSION: Nurses should promote health literacy and guide individuals toward reliable sources, employing an interdisciplinary approach to manage patient fears. By increasing awareness of regular screenings and breast self-examinations, nurses play a key role in mitigating anxiety and fear among high-risk women.

CONCLUSIONS: An 8% BAC prevalence suggests that more than half of women with BAC likely have no history of diagnosed cardiovascular conditions, and BAC might be the first indication they should be referred for formal cardiovascular evaluation. For the 1 in 12 women without MACE+ but with BAC, communicating BAC results could alert them to cardiovascular concerns and encourage them seek out preventive cardiology care, making BAC communication an important public health intervention.

Scientific knowledge about menopause in females with rare diseases remains scarce, despite emerging evidence that symptoms of rare diseases and the menopausal transition may interact in clinically significant ways. This narrative review synthesizes the literature on menopause across eight rare diseases: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS), cystic fibrosis (CF), Huntington's disease (HD), lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM), myasthenia gravis (MG), systemic scleroderma (SSc), sickle cell disease (SCD), and...

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CONCLUSION: Portuguese osteopaths, particularly women, appear aware of and engaged in managing menopause-related musculoskeletal conditions, adapting manual therapy and educational approaches to patients' needs. However, limited knowledge and the absence of structured clinical guidance may hinder consistent, evidence-informed care. Targeted education and clinical protocols may strengthen osteopathic support for women's musculoskeletal health during midlife.

CONCLUSION: An immune-autophagy-related diagnostic model based on DDIT3 and MAPK8 was developed and validated, offering new insights into PMO evaluation and therapeutic strategy.

CONCLUSION: Findings suggest that women during menopausal transition that receiving MHT may experience transient, minor changes in fibroid size. These changes are not considered clinically meaningful, and MHT exhibits an overall favorable safety profile for this group. With regular surveillance and use of the lowest effective dose, MHT represents a safe and practical therapeutic choice. Additional prospective investigations are needed to characterize the long-term dynamic changes of fibroids...

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a rare, heritable condition characterised by bone fragility, varied manifestations, and phenotypic heterogeneity. Understanding its natural history is essential for anticipating clinical needs. This systematic review collated literature on OI's natural history, focussing on diagnosis, signs, symptoms, and events (SSEs), and mortality. MEDLINE, Embase, and Embase Conference Abstracts were searched on March 24, 2024. Longitudinal (≥5 years follow-up) and...

Serum uric acid (SUA) levels are influenced by environmental and genetic factors, such as sex and ABCG2 variants. Their poorlyunderstood links to menstrual status prompted us to conduct this study to evaluate the effects of menstrual status-related ABCG2 function, detectable from the presence of its dysfunctional variants, on SUA levels. Recruited for the present study were 9244 Japanese individuals, comprising 4466 women and 4778 men. We evaluated the effect size on SUA and population...

CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that the TyG index and TG/HDL-C ratio are significantly associated with CHD risk in elderly postmenopausal women, as evidenced by their acceptable predictive performance (AUC: 0.740-0.771) and independent statistical significance (P < 0.05). While the observed correlations with coronary artery stenosis (Gensini score: r = 0.322-0.342) were statistically significant but numerically weak, these markers remain clinically useful screening tools. Further validation...

Poor reproductive health is related to ovarian function, which may manifest as early/late puberty, premature ovarian insufficiency, and/or early menopause, and is increasingly observed worldwide. Mounting evidence implicates exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in these outcomes. EDCs are now ubiquitous in the environment, resulting in chronic low-level exposure of humans and animals to many chemicals. These compounds perturb endogenous hormone signaling, leading to both local and...

Screening for cervical cancer using the Papanicolaou (Pap) smear has reduced morbidity and mortality associated with cervical cancer. However, anatomical and hormonal changes with age make diagnosis more complex in elderly women. This narrative review used a structured literature search of databases including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect from 2010 to 2024. It included studies related to the impact of age on cervical cytology and HPV prevalence, the importance of cervical...

CONCLUSION: In Iraqi women, particularly after menopause, OPG (and E2) showed a stronger and more consistent association with OP/ON risk than VD3, whereas DBP and VDR were not informative in this cohort. These findings support OPG as a promising biomarker for osteoporosis risk stratification in populations with prevalent vitamin D insufficiency.

CONCLUSION: Perimenopause is associated with high-frequency, moderate to severe migraine headache. Lower Estradiol levels were correlated with high migraine severity scores (VAS and MIDAS). The frequency of perimenopausal symptoms is higher, whereas the Estradiol level is lower in migrainous compared to nonmigrainous women.

CONCLUSION: Negative pressure treatment was tolerated by women affected by GSM with no safety issues, and with observed favorable changes in reported symptoms and objective assessments. Controlled studies are warranted with larger sample sizes and increased frequency of follow-up to assess the time course of improvements.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Numerous therapeutic interventions have shown promise in preclinical models of postmenopausal atherosclerosis. Estrogen-based therapies remain central due to their mechanistic relevance to estrogen deficiency. However, treatment outcomes are influenced by intervention timing, disease stage, and model variability. Standardization of study designs and translation into human trials are the essential next steps for developing effective interventions to prevent and treat...

CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that CRF is independently associated with a more favorable cardiometabolic risk profile and may be related to fewer menopause-related symptoms in midlife women. In our sample, we did not find an association with vascular function, which may indicate that other factors might play a more prominent role in vascular health during the menopause transition.

This study aimed to analyze the risk factors of osteoporosis in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, especially the correlation between inflammatory indicators and osteoporosis and construct a risk prediction model for osteoporosis. A total of 299 perimenopausal and postmenopausal women (40-60 years old) were enrolled from September 2023 to September 2025, who underwent physical examination or hospitalization at the Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University. They were stratified into...

CONCLUSIONS: BMD T-score, fracture location, postoperative Glu, postoperative Alb, and 25(OH)D can be used as independent predictors to predict intercostal neuralgia after PVP in postmenopausal OVCF patients. The combined model integrating BMD T-score, fracture location, postoperative Glu, postoperative Alb, and preoperative 25(OH)D demonstrates good predictive performance and may facilitate early risk stratification and individualized perioperative management of postoperative neuralgia.

CONCLUSIONS: Menopausal status and oral contraceptive use were not associated with subfoveal choroidal thickness and central macular thickness in this large-scale, nationally representative cohort. These findings provide reliable population-level evidence that menopause has little effect on choroidal thickness, helping resolve prior inconsistent results. However, the observed interaction with blood pressure indicates that this association may vary across cardiovascular risk subgroups and...

To compare Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) scores between women with Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and non-diabetic controls, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane were searched through March 2026. Observational studies using the FSFI with non-diabetic controls were eligible. A random-effects meta-analysis (REML) was conducted using the standardized mean difference (SMD), with subgroup analyses by diabetes type and menopausal status. Sixteen studies (N = 3,261) from 9...

CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that the use of ovary-sparing surgery and menopausal hormone therapy remains low, even in young women with low-risk endometrial cancer. Menopausal hormone therapy appears to be under-utilized, which may be attributable to inconclusive evidence regarding its impact on recurrence risk, whereas the long-term adverse consequences of premature menopause are well known.

CONCLUSIONS: Female sex is associated with improved perioperative outcomes and increased long-term survival after resection in non-functioning pNEN. The survival benefit was largely determined by pre-menopausal patients, highlighting sex and menopausal status as relevant prognostic factors.

Haematologists should be prepared to address several key transitions and timepoints during the female reproductive health lifespan to provide safe and equitable care for all patients with haematological disorders. In this Review, we summarise important points for recognition and consideration in the care of patients with lifelong or transient haematological conditions. We include discussions on menarche, pregnancy, menopause, and gender-affirming care, and how these life transitions might impact...

Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common sustained arrhythmia, is both cause and consequence of atrial remodeling, with atrial fibrosis playing a key role in AF maintenance, progression, and treatment response. AF prevalence rises with age, as sex hormone (estrogen, E2, and testosterone, TS) levels decline in both sexes, and aging-associated ECM remodeling parallels these hormonal transitions during menopause and andropause. Furthermore, extensive experimental evidence supports the protective...

CONCLUSION: This narrative review indicates that H. perforatum has established efficacy in depression and broader but uneven pharmacological potential elsewhere. Emerging formulation technologies and multi-component quality control offer promising ways to improve consistency and efficacy. Future progress requires better extract standardization, clearer constituent-mechanism links, higher-quality clinical trials (especially for non-psychiatric uses), and continued attention to safety and drug...

CONCLUSION: Nutrition should be considered a modifiable component of lifestyle contributing to reasoned prevention during the menopausal transition. Its primary role lies in supporting functional preservation and modulating cardiometabolic trajectories rather than providing uniform symptomatic relief. An integrated, individualised approach embedded within broader medical and lifestyle strategies appears most clinically relevant at this life stage.

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CONCLUSION: Menopausal and HT status are related to differences in MHBs, including meeting established physical activity and sleep guidelines. Findings highlight the need to consider hormonal and life-stage factors in strategies to support healthy aging of females.

CONCLUSIONS: Perimenopausal sleep disturbances were linked to poorer cognitive function decades later, particularly in women frequently woken by menopausal symptoms. These results suggest that sleep and menopausal symptoms in midlife may be relevant markers of later-life cognitive health, and warrant confirmation in prospective studies.

CONCLUSIONS: Among postmenopausal women, PA, particularly light-to-moderate activities such as walking and active commuting, was associated with higher HRQoL; stronger effects were observed in those with chronic diseases. These findings highlight the importance of promoting feasible and context-appropriate PA and reducing sedentary behaviors in postmenopausal women to improve their overall well-being.

CONCLUSIONS: Rates of endometrial cancer among women using low and high-dose vaginal estrogens were comparable to rates among women using EPT.

CONCLUSIONS: In postmenopausal women, statin therapy was not associated with mild cognitive impairment; however, statin use was linked to poorer delayed recall memory and visuospatial function and a higher burden of menopausal symptoms and sarcopenia risk. Statin-related cognitive and somatic effects may overlap with menopausal symptomatology and contribute to symptom burden during midlife.

Complement factor H (CFH) is an immune regulator that inhibits the complement system. Here, we identify CFH as a secreted and regulated factor in human bone marrow skeletal stem cells (hBMSCs) culture during osteoblast (OB) differentiation. To explore its role in bone formation, we investigated the effects of CFH on OB differentiation and bone homeostasis. CFH-deficient hBMSCs exhibited impaired OB differentiation, whereas CFH overexpression or supplementation enhanced OB differentiation in...

CONCLUSIONS: The global burden of premenopausal breast cancer is increasing, with diet high in red meat contributing the greatest proportion of attributable burden among the assessed risk factors. Differences in major attributable risk factors across countries with different SDI levels highlight the need for tailored interventions to reduce the increasing burden of premenopausal breast cancer.

BackgroundSex-specific vulnerability to Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been increasingly recognized, with menopause representing a decisive neuroendocrine transition. Estrogen and progesterone modulate synaptic plasticity, glucose metabolism, and amyloid-tau homeostasis, yet the impact of their decline and replacement remains controversial. AD biomarkers provide objective means to assess menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) mechanistic effects beyond cognitive endpoints.ObjectiveTo determine how MHT...

CONCLUSIONS: This study provides prevalence estimates of elevated LAEs in middle-aged women in the US general population. MASLD was common, and ALT or AST >3× ULN was more prevalent in women with than without MASLD.

Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) remains the most effective treatment for vasomotor and genitourinary symptoms of menopause; however, its use declined sharply following the publication of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI). Misinterpretation and limitations of WHI findings have led to persistent misconceptions and underutilization of MHT. This expert opinion aims to clarify evidence-based approaches to MHT selection, safety, and individualized management. This article was informed by a...