Apnea/Sleep Disorders Pubmed Results

CONCLUSIONS: Diagnosing sleep disordered breathing in children can be challenging in a laboratory setting. HSAT is cost-effective and better tolerated in the younger population compared to PSG. It is a reliable alternative to PSG when used with multiple channels, including EEG and capnography.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) exhibits distinct features in women across the lifespan, largely driven by hormonally mediated changes in sleep and respiratory physiology. Women remain under-represented in research cohorts, and few studies are designed to investigate sex-specific differences. Because of atypical clinical presentations related to menstrual cycling and lower anthropometric indices, OSA in women is frequently underdiagnosed in clinical practice. Women with OSA have higher risks of...

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is increasingly recognized as an important comorbidity during pregnancy, with implications for both maternal and fetal health. Pregnancy-related anatomical, hormonal, and physiological changes, including upper airway edema, reduced functional residual capacity, increased respiratory drive, sleep fragmentation, and weight gain, collectively heighten susceptibility to sleep-disordered breathing. Evidence indicates that OSA can emerge or worsen as gestation progresses,...

CONCLUSION: Key causative factors identified for the triad between pediatric obesity, OSA, and MASLD encompass adipocyte dysfunction, hypoxia-induced IR, and inflammation. However, certain ambiguities remain. Future research should clarify the underlying mechanisms, including fat distribution and the gut-liver axis, and investigate the impact of intermittent hypoxia on adipose tissue to inform treatment strategies targeting all components of the triad.

Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) is the most severe form of sleep-disordered breathing, and most patients also have concomitant obstructive sleep apnea. Postmenopausal women show a higher prevalence of OHS, likely influenced by hormonal changes. Awareness of OHS among health care providers remains limited; therefore, many patients, particularly women, are underdiagnosed until presenting with acute respiratory failure requiring hospital admission. In women, delayed diagnosis is often...

Mild obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is often underdiagnosed but contributes to treatment-resistant hypertension through oxygen deprivation and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Spironolactone, an aldosterone antagonist, may help manage both hypertension and OSA-related symptoms. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of spironolactone in patients with mild OSA and resistant hypertension. This retrospective observational cohort study included 96 patients...

Beijing has undergone profound economic growth and ecological change this century. Given the roles of sleep and mental health in worker performance, the objective of this analysis was to characterize sleep and mental health among adult residents of Beijing. During September 29, 2022, through October 5, 2022, cross-sectional surveys available in English and Mandarin were administered to 2000 adults with residence in Beijing. Among 1741 adults in the final analytic sample, descriptive statistics...

CONCLUSION: OSA also presents in infants with PWS and is mainly caused by hypotonia and a narrow oropharynx. No correlation was found between EEG-based brain immaturity and central apnea severity. Given the respiratory vulnerability of these infants, a baseline PSG is strongly recommended. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings and to clarify their clinical implications, including the potential role of EEG in early risk stratification.

CONCLUSION: Patients with OSA undergoing TSA face a significantly increased risk of 90-day postoperative complications and longer hospital stays. Shoulder surgeons and anesthesiologists should implement enhanced perioperative protocols to evaluate and optimize OSA patients undergoing TSA.

CONCLUSION: Pediatric HSAT in this real-world population with mostly mild SDB symptoms demonstrates no significant first-night effect; however, moderate night-to-night variability exists in some children. Clinicians must consider this variability when interpreting HSAT results in cases where clinical presentation and single-night HSAT outcomes conflict; a multi-night assessment may be warranted to improve diagnostic accuracy.

CONCLUSION: Night-to-night variability identifies longitudinal SA phenotypes not captured by mean RDI. A female- and obesity-predominant Mild-Unstable phenotype shows intermittent severe-range nights despite low average burden, while instability in severe SA increases the likelihood of underestimating severity when classification is based on a single-night test.

ObjectiveTo investigate the associations of blood inflammatory biomarkers with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in individuals with self-reported obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) symptoms.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included 10,230 adults aged ≥18 years with self-reported OSA symptoms from the NHANES database.Participants were followed from baseline through December 31, 2019. Kaplan-Meier analysis, multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, restricted cubic spline...

CONCLUSION: Poor sleep quality and obstructive sleep apnea were frequent in our study population. Poor sleep quality (PSQI) was independently associated with worse HRQoL, highlighting the importance of evaluating sleep in patients with ILD.

CONCLUSIONS: A high-risk for OSA, as identified by either the STOP-Bang or Step-2 assessment tools, is independently associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications and prolonged hospital length of stay. Both screening strategies demonstrated comparable predictive performance. These findings underscore the value of structured preoperative screening in identifying patients with a high likelihood of previously undiagnosed OSA and in guiding perioperative risk stratification and...

This study aimed to explore the effects of different dexmedetomidine (DEX) administration routes on anesthesia quality in pediatric patients undergoing endoscopic low-temperature plasma adenotonsillar ablation. We selected 120 children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome scheduled for surgery between May and December 2023. Participants were divided into four groups (n=30 each): a control group (Group S) receiving standard anesthesia without DEX; a local anesthesia group (Group L)...

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep-related breathing disorder characterized by recurrent upper airway collapse and apnea during sleep, resulting in intermittent hypoxia, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation, and is closely associated with multisystem dysfunction, including cardiovascular disease, cognitive impairment, and metabolic abnormalities. Lung cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide and represents a major threat to human health....

Breathing disturbances during sleep are associated with intermittent hypoxaemia, arousal and sympathetic activation, which in turn lead to oxidative stress and cardiovascular and metabolic consequences. However, they are also characterised by fluctuations of carbon dioxide levels, switching between hypercapnia and hypocapnia, which contribute to acute and sustained physiological and cellular effects. Changes in arterial carbon dioxide tension (P (aCO(2)) ) influence cerebral blood flow,...

CONCLUSIONS: Nasal procedures were associated with higher CPAP persistence compared with no surgery, with TCRF showing the strongest and most consistent association. These findings suggest that treating nasal obstruction may help sustain long-term CPAP use, though prospective studies are needed to confirm causality.

CONCLUSION: TGF-β1 is a mechanistically plausible mediator linking OSA exposures to remodeling and multisystem comorbidities, but OSA-specific causal evidence is insufficient. Future work should prioritize standardized phenotyping, compartment-specific assays (active vs. total TGF-β1), and longitudinal designs integrating treatment response and tissue-level remodeling endpoints.

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a common disorder associated with substantial morbidity. Although obesity is an important pathogenetic factor in OSA, the incorporation of weight loss into routine OSA care is currently limited. The development of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists has revolutionised obesity management and raises questions about the role of weight loss in OSA care. A debate was held at the 8th Sleep and Breathing Conference in April 2025 on whether weight loss should be...

The prominence of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in children with neurodisabilities is increasingly becoming apparent. Patients can manifest not only obstructive sleep apnoea but also central sleep apnoea, nocturnal hypoxaemia and hypoventilation or often a combination thereof. The impact of SDB on quality-of-life measures has been increasingly demonstrated. This in turn is powering a paradigm shift, where investigation of SDB and subsequent treatment with surgical procedures or respiratory...

CONCLUSIONS: In this large real-world analysis, OSA was associated with increased 5-year risks of incident cancer and major cardiovascular, pulmonary, and metabolic diseases. The magnitude of cancer risk was comparable to that of non-malignant chronic conditions, supporting the concept of OSA as a systemic disorder characterized by multisystem morbidity.

CONCLUSIONS: Dysbiosis in the oropharyngeal microbiomes of OSA and PS points to shared pathophysiological factors (e.g., snoring) as possible drivers of microbiome disruption across the spectrum of sleep-disordered breathing. The gastrointestinal microbiome of children with OSA indicates a mild microbial imbalance that may elicit harmful outcomes or manifest as dysbiosis if left untreated. Together, these findings support a role of the microbiome as a possible mediator of comorbidities across...

CONCLUSION: This updated meta-analysis provides strengthened evidence that the Twin-Block appliance is an effective treatment for reducing the severity of OSA in appropriately selected children. The therapeutic effect is likely mediated by structural enlargement of the upper airway. Despite the heterogeneity and limitations in the primary literature, these findings support the consideration of the Twin-Block appliance as a viable non-surgical intervention for pediatric OSA, particularly in...

CONCLUSIONS: The multi-parameter oximetry model based on the categorical boosting algorithm provides a simple and accurate tool for OSA screening. Sex- and age-stratified strategies can further enhance its clinical applicability.

CONCLUSIONS: Memory decline in SDB is more robustly associated with the morphological profile of oxygen exposure rather than absolute event frequencies. A hypopnea-dominant profile with mild, persistent low oxygen levels offers an associative framework for understanding cognitive decline. Future research and clinical interventions should prioritize hypoxic burden as a key factor in phenotype identification and memory decline treatment.

CONCLUSION: SpO(2) parameters correlated better with MOAHI in infants with OSA-III compared to RS. These findings question the presence of a different OSA phenotype in infants with RS. Future studies should further investigate the potential role of the different SpO(2) parameters to screen for OSA in infants.

CONCLUSIONS: A single night of APAP titration and use of the median pressure may suffice to determine an optimal fixed CPAP setting in our patients. We discuss limitations including small sample size, exclusion of unstable patients and absence of laboratory PSG comparison and Spanish-specific practice patterns.

AIMS: Primary cilia disruption profoundly alters vascular integrity. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released during ciliary decapitation have emerged as potential mediators of these effects, yet their functional contribution remains unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by deciliated endothelial cells on endothelial responses and evaluated their clinical relevance.

CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates a strong and significant independent association between OSA severity and the presence and severity of CHD. Although remnant cholesterol showed no global association with OSA severity, its weak inverse correlation with coronary disease in males and severe OSA patients suggests a potential complex role, warranting further investigation into its mechanisms within specific populations.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent yet substantially underdiagnosed condition with serious cardiovascular, cognitive, and occupational consequences. Over the past decade, oral appliance therapy (OAT)-particularly the use of mandibular advancement devices-has evolved from a secondary alternative to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) into a recognized primary treatment for patients who are intolerant of, or noncompliant with, CPAP or prefer an alternative therapy. Advances...

The Pulsox-Me500, a pulse oximeter equipped with a built-in three-axis accelerometer, was recently developed by Konica Minolta, Inc. However, its accuracy of screening obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has not been investigated, and this was the aim of our study. Participants simultaneously used the Pulsox-Me500 and a SleepScope (a portable one-channel electroencephalography device) in the residential setting and wore this device during polysomnography in the inpatient setting. An interclass...

Background and Objectives: Sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBDs) are common but often underdiagnosed in children. Early identification is essential, as untreated pediatric SRBDs can lead to cognitive, metabolic, and cardiovascular complications. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of children at risk for SRBDs, defined as those screening positive based on Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) scores, and to analyze the association with potential risk factors in the general pediatric...

CONCLUSION: Activation of the suprahyoid (SH) muscles was reduced in patients with severe OSA. In addition to disease severity, BMI and the myofunctional condition of the tongue also contribute to impaired activation. Taken together, these findings indicate that muscle weakness and deficits in motor control compromise the activation of SH muscles during swallowing.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), characterized by recurrent apneic/hypopneic events and intermittent hypoxia, exhibits a high yet underrecognized prevalence (40%-65%) among patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI), compounded by suboptimal performance of conventional screening modalities. A defining epidemiological feature is the pronounced nocturnal predominance of MI onset in OSA cohorts, diverging from the diurnal pattern observed in non-OSA populations.Pathophysiologically, OSA manifests...

CONCLUSION: The DB outcomes showed marked relationship with the severity of OSA. Additionally, all the aspects of DB were substantially affected in individuals with severe OSA as compared to those with moderate OSA.

CONCLUSION: Significant correlations exist between anatomical obstruction, OSA severity, and language delay. Mallampati score, endoscopic grade, and A-PSQ snoring domain constitute a "High-Risk Triad" of OSA. The presence of this triad in children with language delay warrants immediate prioritization for intervention to mitigate long-term neurodevelopmental morbidity.

CONCLUSION: Psychological interventions may be a useful adjunct to lifestyle-based management in adults with OSAS, with stronger evidence for weight-related than sleep-related benefits. Further high-quality trials are needed to determine long-term effectiveness.

Background: The study was to systematically evaluate the correlation between childhood asthma and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods: Several medical literature data bases were searched for studies published up to March 2025, by using the keywords "asthma" and "obstructive sleep apnea" and "child*." We included observational studies, children with OSA diagnosed via polysomnography, clinical criteria, or validated tools; and asthma confirmed by physician diagnosis, medication use, or...

CONCLUSION: Our systematic review evidenced a significant variability about the maternal OSA impact on fetal heart rate. The study's results were contradictory. These inconsistencies also derive from different study designs, sample sizes, and outcomes analysed. Further studies are necessary to evidence the real impact of the OSA on the fetal cardiac response.

CONCLUSION: In a nephrology-specialized ESH-accredited center, the diagnostic yield of secondary hypertension evaluation is high, with significant therapeutic implications. This supports the role of specialized nephrology centers in hypertension work-up.

ObjectiveTo assess the feasibility of three-dimensional (3D) stereophotogrammetry as a tool in pediatric outpatient assessment, in exploring associations between facial morphometric parameters of children aged 2-17 years, and their risk of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) as evidenced by their Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) score.MethodsA cross-sectional study of 180 pediatric patients (aged 2-17 years) recruited consecutively from a tertiary pediatric otolaryngology clinic. 3D facial...

CONCLUSION: For common OSA questions, generative AI systems-particularly a retrieval-augmented medical model-produced higher-quality patient-facing information than standard web search. These findings support cautious consideration of GenAI tools to supplement patient education in OSA, while underscoring the need for ongoing evaluation across diseases, disciplines, and patient populations.

CONCLUSION: The presence of DELF (Frank sign) in patients with severe OSASwas demonstrated for the first time in this study. According to the results we have reached, DELF can be used as a new examination finding in the diagnosis of OSAS. We also think that it can be used as a marker in the clinical course of the disease.

CONCLUSION: Dysventilation is the cause of a dysmorpho-functional spiral. Its management must always include a phase of OMT assisted by a PFA. This simple therapeutic approach helps to achieve better orofacial functional balance in the management of dysventilation and obstructive sleep apnea and contributes to the stability of the results of orthodontic treatments.

The key pathophysiological feature of obstructive sleep apnea（OSA） is dynamic collapse of the upper airway during sleep. Polysomnography（PSG） and awake imaging can assess disease severity and anatomical structure, but they are unable to characterize the dynamic process of airway collapse during sleep. Drug-induced sleep endoscopy（DISE） enables direct visualization of the sites and patterns of obstruction and has become an important tool for dynamic upper airway evaluation. However, its...

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects approximately 5% of children and requires polysomnography (PSG) for diagnosis. As such, population-based longitudinal studies of OSA in children are scarce. We aimed to validate pediatric case definitions of OSA using provincial health administrative datasets and establish a methodology for future longitudinal studies in this population. We performed a multicenter validation study, linking Ontario health administrative data with clinical data for children...

CONCLUSIONS: The results of this review suggest a significant association between OSA and periodontitis, with a greater association of severe OSA with periodontitis. Future studies should examine the impact of periodontal therapy on OSA severity and vice versa.

CONCLUSION: Our results suggest OSA to be an important and independent contributor to the progression of DKD.

Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), a hallmark of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), induces increased carotid body (CB) activity. Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S), a critical oxygen sensor in the CB, promotes protein post-translational modification via S-sulfhydration. This study investigated whether CIH-induced H₂S production drives CB hyperactivity through Sp1 S-sulfhydration-mediated upregulation of angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1). Rats were exposed to CIH for 12 weeks. CB activity, H₂S levels, and...