Radiology/Diagnostics- Pubmed Results

CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that ultra-microangiography and shear wave elastography may provide complementary quantitative information for the evaluation of early median nerve changes in pediatric patients with mucopolysaccharidosis, although further studies are required to validate the clinical utility of shear wave elastography in peripheral nerves.

Traumatic and overuse injuries of bones and tendons of the wrist represent a significant proportion of the musculoskeletal disorders encountered in both athletic and occupational settings. Conventional radiography remains the first-line imaging modality for osseous trauma, but it can miss up to a third of scaphoid and hamate fractures. Computed tomography is superior for characterizing occult or nondisplaced fractures. Magnetic resonance imaging provides important information on occult...

CONCLUSION: Decreased RI, increased frequency of both positive and negative UV, and increased SLA, RLA, and RSA were strongly associated with scapholunate dissociation (SLD) in participants with ICTS. Decreased RI and increased positive/negative UV are anatomical risk factors for SLD in people with ICTS. SLD may play a role in the pathogenesis of ICTS.

BACKGROUND: Cubital tunnel syndrome (CuTS) is a prevalent compressive neuropathy addressed through various treatments, including the anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) supercharge end-to-side (SETS) transfer for advanced CuTS. Decision to add AIN-SETS is based on various indicators and protocols, but deciding on the appropriate method for borderline cases can be challenging. Therefore, this study aims to non-invasively examine the cubital tunnel anatomy of patients using CT scans and compare the...

CONCLUSION: It was found that the values for Capitate length, Carpal height, Palm length, SPWI, and Palmar ratio were lower in the patient group. These results suggested that decreasing volume of the carpal tunnel allows for an easier increase in carpal tunnel pressure due to increased synovial hypertrophy and the carpal bone configuration affects the proximal part of the carpal tunnel, and influences the compression of the median nerve, in female patients.

CONCLUSIONS: Higher Triad score is associated with an increased risk of BSI but not non-BSI in collegiate athletes.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is highly prevalent, resulting in decreased function and increased need for costly healthcare services. External wrist ratio (depth/width >0.70) is a strong predictor of the development of CTS and has been suggested to be a proxy for internal carpal tunnel (CT) shape. Conversely, sonography can more directly evaluate CT shape. The purpose of our study was to explore the relationship between wrist ratio and sonographic CT measurements to (1) evaluate the reliability...

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CONCLUSIONS: The most common shape of the carpal tunnel is an elliptic cylinder. Because of the unpredictability of the location of the narrowest area of the carpal tunnel, carpal tunnel release must continue through all extension of its roof. We advise that the release should rarely be extended distally more than 30 mm from the distal palmar wrist crease, which corresponds, in most cases, to the middle of the pisiform.

CONCLUSIONS: Although infrequently encountered, the knowledge of the anatomical variations of the forearm and hand together with doppler screening and CTA is essential to the surgical management of ACTS.

CONCLUSION: Both acute CTS and spontaneous resolution are clinical manifestations of this rare condition on suspicion of which biopsy can be avoided by following a "wait and see" strategy.

CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of complications in the upper extremity after a TR-PCI is small. Despite medical treatment, symptoms persisted in 4% of all patients treated with TR-PCI. Possible explanations for the persisting symptoms are exacerbation of latent osteoarthritis and carpal tunnel syndrome by trauma-induced edema. Awareness of TR-PCI-induced complications among all specialists is essential to optimize patient care.

Different techniques are available for carpal tunnel release such as classical surgical operations or minimally invasive procedures. A minimally invasive approach and the relevant regional anatomy are reported in this pilot study which was conducted with bodies from a body donation program. The method described here uses a hook knife to cut through the transverse carpal ligament or flexor retinaculum under ultrasound guidance. The results are documented by means of magnetic resonance and...

Cubital tunnel syndrome (CuTS) is the 2nd most common compressive neuropathy. To improve both diagnosis and the selection of patients for surgery, there is a pressing need to develop a reliable and objective test of ulnar nerve 'health'. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) characterises tissue microstructure and may identify differences in the normal ulnar from those affected by CuTS. The aim of this study was to compare the DTI metrics from the ulnar nerves of healthy (asymptomatic) adults and...

RATIONALE: Despite significant advances in microsurgical techniques, simultaneous release of transverse carpal ligament (TCL) and lymphovenous anastomosis (LVA) surgeries may be effective for treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and advanced-stage lymphedema. This case report describes the successful treatment of lymphedema with LVA in a patient with CTS and advanced-stage lymphedema.

Overuse injuries of the knee are a common cause of missed training and competition days in elite cyclists, however the underlying conditions causing this knee pain are not well defined. We conducted a diagnostic study, investigating a consecutive series of 53 high level cyclists with non-traumatic knee pain over a 14 month period. Demographic data on the participants' cycling specialty and training level was noted. Clinical information concerning knee pain intensity, location and occurrence were...

CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of TTR-CA in the entire study population was 4%, but among bilateral CTS patients with LVH peaked at 33%. In this latter population, screening for TTR-CA appeared feasible and effective.

This systematic review evaluates the existing literature about medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) in novice and recreational runners. PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, SPORTDiscus and CINAHL databases were searched until July 2020. Studies covering risk factors, diagnostic procedures, treatment methods and time to recovery of MTSS in novice and recreational runners were selected. Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria and were included. The risk factors of MTSS are mainly...

In carpal tunnel volume measurements, the angle of the hamatum curvature is not considered a variable, and its effect on carpal tunnel volume has not been investigated. We hypothesize that a change in the anatomical angle of the hamatum curvature changes the carpal tunnel volume. To prove our hypothesis, we used a mathematical simulation model considering the carpal tunnel as a truncated cone. We reviewed the wrist CT scans of 91 adults (>18 years of age), including 51 men and 40 women. We...

CONCLUSIONS: Significant differences in the ulnar variance were observed between carpal tunnel syndrome patients and controls. This suggests that the imbalance of radioulnar bone length is one of the risk factors to develop carpal tunnel syndrome. The positive ulnar variance may be an index that needs attention to the development of carpal tunnel syndrome.

CONCLUSIONS: Osteochondroma of the carpal bone may take various shapes because the carpal bone is surrounded by neighboring bones and tight ligaments, which can restrict tumor growth. This type of tumor is likely to present with various symptoms because of the close proximity of important structures including nerves, tendons, and joints. The diagnosis of osteochondroma of the carpal bone may be difficult because of its rarity and atypical radiological and histological findings, such as the lack...

CONCLUSIONS: High potential exists to create a practical protocol using DXA in place of pQCT to assess stress fracture risk and aid in mitigating musculoskeletal injuries seen in military recruits.

CONCLUSION: The shape of the bony cubital tunnel is an important cause of CuTS, and the normal variation of the volume and cross-sectional area of the cubital tunnel and cubital tunnel angle could influence the occurrence of idiopathic CuTS.

The association between carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema (RS3PE) syndrome, an elderly onset rheumatic disease, is not fully understood. Here, we describe a case of acute CTS caused by RS3PE syndrome. An 84-year-old man visited the hospital with sudden onset of severe neuralgia in the median nerve and pitting edema in both hands. Computed tomography showed low-density areas around the flexor tendons and median nerve compression in...

Repetitive microtrauma in the elbow from chronic overuse occurs in athletes and nonathletes. Although the diagnosis is often made clinically, imaging is helpful to confirm the diagnosis, grade the injury, and guide treatment. MR imaging is particularly helpful in evaluating overuse injuries in the elbow, as tendons, ligaments, and bones/cartilage can be assessed. Tendinopathy can be distinguished from partial- or full-thickness tears, and reactive changes in the bone marrow can be easily...

This article discusses the most common and important overuse injuries of the shoulder with attention to MR imaging and ultrasound findings. Pathologic conditions occurring in athletes and nonathletes are included, with review of relevant anatomy, predisposing factors, and treatment considerations. Specific overuse injuries involving the rotator cuff, long head of the biceps tendon, and subacromial-subdeltoid bursa are reviewed. Impingement syndromes of the shoulder, Little Leaguer's shoulder,...

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A 62-year-old man presented with excruciating joint pains, back stiffness and numbness of his hands and feet. Over the past 18 months, he had experienced similar episodes for which the diagnoses of bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome and lateral epicondylitis had been made. Physical examination revealed polyarticular arthritis affecting the shoulders, wrists and right knee. Palpable purpura overlying the calves and ankles was present. Laboratory tests showed markedly elevated erythrocyte...

CONCLUSION: A spectrum ranging from complete fusion of a boss to an entirely unfused os styloideum exists with a variable ECRB insertional anatomy. BME at the carpal boss is a consistent MRI finding.

At any time there are millions of athletes ages 6 to 18 years participating in sports-related activities and the number is increasing. Unfortunately, the number of overuse injuries is also on the rise. This increase is most likely associated with single-sport specialization before the onset of puberty. As physicians and health care providers, we must educate these young athletes, their parents, and coaches to ensure safety. Short breaks are recommended and everyone involved should understand the...

A 20-year-old male has presented with mild numbness and tingling sensation at 4, 5^(th) finger of his left hand. Simple radiograph and MRI images revealed bony mass at medial joint space of ulno-humeral joint. After surgical exploration, we found that there were two cause of ulnar nerve irritation symptom. Fixed ulnar nerve position at anterior aspect to medial condyle with deficiency of nerve gliding was one cause, and friction irritation around bony mass was another. It is rarely reported that...

Overuse injuries of the hip are frequent among runners and often present a diagnostic dilemma requiring imaging modalities beyond radiographs, delayed diagnosis, and prolonged time away from sport and activity. We report a case of a 38-year-old female recreational runner with progressive lateral hip pain and magnetic resonance imaging findings of edema along the gluteal aponeurotic fascia and origin of the tensor fascia lata muscle consistent with the diagnosis of enthesopathy of the proximal...

Functional deterioration due to carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) may influence the bone status of the forearm and hand. The aim of this prospective study was to establish whether CTS has an impact on bone status at distal parts of the upper limb and to monitor the longitudinal changes of that status during a 1-yr follow-up after surgical treatment. Fifteen women with CTS at mean age of 55.13 ± 9.3 yr, mean weight of 79.18 ± 20.37 kg, and mean height of 157.8 ± 6.17 cm were enrolled into the study....

Purpose To describe the occurrence of imaging-depicted sports-related stress injuries, fractures, and muscle and tendon disorders during the 2016 Summer Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Materials and Methods Data on radiologic examinations were collected and retrospectively analyzed centrally by two board-certified musculoskeletal radiologists (with a third musculoskeletal radiologist acting as an adjudicator in case of discrepancies). Descriptive data on all imaging examinations by...

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Epidermal cyst is a dermal or subcutaneous epithelial cyst that contains keratin and is lined by true epidermis. Although extremely rare, it can cause pathology including nerve compression syndrome. We report a rare case of ulnar nerve compression in the elbow that was caused by olecranon bursitis and concomitant epidermal cyst in a 67-year-old man. The ulnar nerve was immediately adjacent to the olecranon bursa and was significantly compressed. There was no connection between the tumor and the...

We reported a rare case of cubital tunnel syndrome caused by heterotopic ossification after burns. The ulnar nerve was encircled by bony tunnel structure which cause nerve compression, resulting in ulnar nerve lesion. Our case sheds light on possible etiological association which may help clinical management.

The aim of the study was to analyze the evolution of the clinical, electrophysiological, and ultrasound aspects of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) before and 4 and 8 weeks after surgery. A Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire, an ultrasound scan, and an electrophysiological exam were performed in 14 patients the day of surgery, 4 and 8 weeks after. The nerve conduction study included: median nerve sensory conduction stimulating digit 3 and 4, median motor conduction from the abductor pollicis brevis,...

Hypothenar hammer syndrome (HHS) is an uncommon cause of unilateral Raynaud's phenomenon, splinter haemorrhages and hypothenar weakness. The typical patient is a male blue-collar worker who uses their hypothenar eminence to hammer objects as part of their work. The distal ulnar artery beyond Guyon's canal is superficial and vulnerable to blunt trauma. CTA and MRA are common initial investigations and can suggest the diagnosis. DSA is the gold standard imaging modality and offers therapeutic...

No abstract

CONCLUSIONS: Most surgeons who treat CTS in the state of Michigan routinely request EDS before evaluation, rather than reserving the test for cases in which the diagnosis is unclear.

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CONCLUSION: Early recognition is important because compared to many other causes of digital ischemia in the upper extremities, traumatic arterial injury is frequently readily treatable. Angiographic findings and clinical presentation are often characteristic. The diagnosis should not be based on a clear history of repetitive hand trauma since the patient may be unaware of this occurrence.

Clinical assessment of the hand is important for diagnosing underlying hand disorders. Using a case study approach, the clinical assessment for three disorders of the hands is presented: trigger finger (stenosing tenosynovitis), carpal tunnel syndrome, and ulnar-sided wrist injury (styloid impingement). We assess the annular one pulley and finger range of motion for patients with trigger finger. To diagnose for carpal tunnel syndrome, assessment for Tinel's sign, Phalen's sign, abductor pollicis...

Carpal tunnel syndrome is among the most frequently diagnosed forms of peripheral nerve compression. Carpal tunnel syndrome due to carpal collapse that had progressed over decades, with a palmarly dislocated lunate, is rare. Hints of past trauma to the wrist going back decades should prompt further radiological examination in case of recurrent median nerve compression. With sufficient preoperative evaluation, the causes can be accurately detected and treated. Therefore, precise and complete...

CONCLUSIONS: Leg lean tissue percentage may be useful for early identification of developing new CTS in subjects with physical disabilities. Therefore, a preventive program for those subjects at risk can start early.

CONCLUSION: Non-surgical therapy is successful in treating pubic overload and osteitis pubis in athletes. Shock wave therapy as a local treatment significantly reduced pain, thus enabling return-to-football within 3 months after trauma. Early and correct diagnosis is essential for successful intensive physiotherapy.

The etiology of rotator cuff tendon overuse injuries is still not well understood. Furthermore, how this overuse injury impacts other components of the glenohumeral joint, including nearby articular cartilage, is also unclear. Therefore, this study sought to better understand the time course of tendon protease activity in a rat model of supraspinatus overuse, as well as determine effects of 10 weeks of overuse on humeral head articular cartilage. For these studies, multiplex gelatin zymography...

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CONCLUSION: Low-grade lesions in human OCD have little gross articular cartilage involvement despite substantial changes to the subchondral bone as shown on magnetic resonance imaging and radiographs. Histopathology findings in this study included cartilage thickening and chondrocyte cloning resembling those of recently published human OCD biopsy studies. Our animal model supports the hypothesis that repetitive stress to immature knees may contribute to the development of human OCD. This model...