Inflammatory Bowel Disease – Pubmed Results

CONCLUSIONS: The diagnostic accuracy of salivary tMMP-8 and PMN elastase was reduced in CD patients, likely reflecting altered neutrophil degranulation dynamics. Salivary MMP-9 may serve as a promising biomarker linking oral and intestinal inflammatory activity.

Ingestible smart capsule platforms have achieved substantial engineering sophistication - integrating programmable drug release, real-time sensing, wireless telemetry, and on-demand actuation - yet their demonstrated clinical benefit in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains limited, with no platform having achieved regulatory approval for therapeutic use in this indication. This disconnect constitutes a translational misalignment: a systematic gap between the assumptions embedded in device...

A man in his 40s who takes adalimumab for Crohn's disease presented with a 1-day history of fever, headache and rapid onset of agitation with reduced consciousness. He was intubated, and a subsequent lumbar puncture revealed severe Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis. He was started on antibiotics and steroids; however, on sedation hold, he demonstrated abnormal posturing. Neurological imaging revealed extensive cerebral venous sinus thromboses (CVSTs). He was started on a heparin infusion and...

BACKGROUND: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease marked by mucosal and systemic immune dysregulation. Fatigue is a common, burdensome extraintestinal symptom that often persists beyond active inflammation and affects quality of life. Sex-based differences in immune response and fatigue severity have been reported, but their mechanistic basis remain unclear. This study aimed to characterize peripheral immune profiles across UC disease stages and explore links between...

CONCLUSION: In this large-scale prospective study, PA was inversely associated with the risk of CD. However, the association between PA and UC appears more nuanced, with the protective benefits potentially contingent upon higher activity thresholds and specific intensity profiles. These findings suggest that tailored exercise recommendations may be necessary for IBD prevention strategies.

CONCLUSION: A metabolic bottleneck at QPRT prevents efficient NAD+ synthesis from Trp in IBD, sustaining inflammation. Restoring NAD + is a promising therapeutic strategy.

To investigate the impact and mechanisms of acrylamide (AA), an environmental pollutant, on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We exposed normal mice and chronic colitis mouse models to AA and examined the pathological changes in intestinal inflammation. Network toxicology was used to analyze the relationship and mechanisms between AA and IBD. The effects of AA on IBD were observed after treatment with EGFR knockout and EGFR inhibitors. AA induced intestinal inflammation in normal mice,...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) comprises a group of chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract driven by immune dysregulation. In recent years, increasing attention has been directed toward the role of the thymus in the pathogenesis of IBD. However, a comprehensive and systematic review on this topic remains lacking. This article focuses on the immunoregulatory function of the thymus in IBD, emphasizing its pivotal role in maintaining intestinal immune homeostasis through the...

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation accompanied by epithelial barrier dysfunction and profound metabolic stress; however, how metabolic cues are integrated to determine epithelial cell fate remains incompletely understood. Here, we identify a context-dependent METTL1-m7G-SLC7A11 regulatory axis that links metabolic stress to intestinal epithelial outcomes during UC progression. By integrating analyses of human UC tissues, DSS-induced acute and chronic...

High‑throughput transcriptomic technologies offer a systems‑level approach to unravel the mechanisms of complex immune disorders. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), a classic example of such disorders, involves intricate interactions between genetics, microbiota and immune dysfunction. The nuclear receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is implicated in IBD, but its precise mechanisms remain unclear. To investigate the role of FXR in ulcerative colitis (UC), the present study employed an integrative...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) presents ongoing physical, psychological, and social challenges that can significantly affect quality of life. Despite this, little is known about how individuals with IBD seek help from healthcare professionals. This study used a qualitative descriptive design and latent pattern content analysis of semi-structured interviews (n = 8) to explore how individuals living with IBD seek help from healthcare professionals to manage challenges associated with their...

The complement system bridges innate and adaptive immunity, orchestrating immune surveillance and maintaining tissue homeostasis. This review summarizes the role of the complement system in gastrointestinal-related diseases, including its function in innate immunity, impact on adaptive immunity, and regulatory role under physiological and pathological conditions in the gut. The activation pathways, regulatory mechanisms, and interactions of the complement system with the gut microbiome are...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are first-line therapy for axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), improving pain, function, and disease activity. This review evaluates evidence for NSAID efficacy, potential disease modification, and safety considerations in patients with axSpA, particularly those with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or elevated cardiovascular risk.

CONCLUSIONS: Using an exploratory classification, confirmed UCAN was associated with an increased incidence of metachronous neoplasia after ER. These findings suggest that this subgroup may warrant closer surveillance; however, further validation is required.

Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2 (NR1I2; mouse ortholog Nr1i2), also known as the pregnane X receptor (PXR) or steroid and xenobiotic receptor (SXR), is a ligand-activated transcription factor classically known for its role in xenobiotic metabolism and detoxification. Beyond these canonical functions, accumulating evidence identifies NR1I2 as a key regulator of inflammation and intestinal homeostasis, particularly in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), where dysregulated inflammatory...

CONCLUSION: Our study shows that a longer disease duration, extensive disease (pancolitis), and higher severity of UC at diagnosis were associated with a poor prognosis, culminating in a higher need for surgical intervention.

CONCLUSION: This study represents the first AI-assisted RWE analysis of UC hospitalizations in Brazil. The findings highlight the varying hospitalization burdens across advanced therapies, with tofacitinib associated with higher hospitalization rates and infliximab linked to shorter hospital stays and lower costs. These insights can inform clinical decision-making and healthcare policy. Future studies should further explore AI's role in optimizing RWE research and UC management.

CONCLUSION: IBD patients with obesity were predominantly female. Among those with CD, the phenotype was mainly non-stricturing, non-penetrating, with a clinical course characterized by greater disease activity over time, suggesting that obesity may be an unfavorable factor for disease control. This trend was not observed among patients with UC.

CONCLUSION: In DSS-induced colitis, the SB effectively attenuated oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokine responses by restoring redox balance and preserving mucosal architecture. These findings suggest that administering SB as a supplementary treatment may be a viable option for managing UC.

As Crohn disease treatment rapidly evolves, imaging has a critical role in treatment response assessment and clinical decision making. Therapy is often "top down," with the most powerful and potent therapies selected first. Disease activity assessment remains multifactorial, integrating source data from biomarkers, symptoms, endoscopy, and imaging. The "treat-to-target" approach also integrates these markers to escalate, de-escalate, or switch therapies. Given the transmural nature of Crohn...

CONCLUSIONS: Variations in depression, anxiety, fatigue, cognition, and physical function are associated with HRQoL fluctuations in people with RA, IBD and DEP/ANX, highlighting the importance of addressing these issues while treating disease.

INTRODUCTION: Endoscopy has been the gold standard for the assessment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) activity. Increasingly, intestinal ultrasound (IUS) is utilized as an alternative non-invasive disease monitoring strategy. The aim of this study was to quantify and compare endoscopy usage for evaluation of IBD disease activity before and after the introduction of an IUS service.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) belongs to a group of idiopathic intestinal inflammatory disorders that affect the ileum, rectum, and colon. There is still no effective treatment methods, and with the increasing number of patients, IBD has brought a heavy burden to the medical system. Chronic inflammation mediated by abnormal activation of the intestinal mucosal immune system plays an important role in the occurrence and development of IBD. As a common intracellular sensor that activates the...

Inflammatory bowel diseases, particularly ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic relapsing inflammatory disorders with limited therapeutic options. The zinc-finger transcription factor ZBTB4 has been implicated in the initiation and progression of cancer, but its role in UC remains unknown. Here, we found that ZBTB4 deficiency exacerbates dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in C57BL/6J male mice. Compared with the wild type, ZBTB4 deficiency increases weight loss, colon shortening and...

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract associated with epithelial barrier dysfunction, dysregulated immune responses, and an increased risk of cancer. Persistent inflammation is a key driver of IBD-associated tumorigenesis, yet the transcriptional regulators linking inflammatory signaling to epithelial transformation remain incompletely defined. FOSL1 (FOS-like antigen 1), a member of...

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a complex chronic inflammatory bowel disease, and its pathogenesis is closely related to immune imbalance, intestinal flora disorder and intestinal barrier damage. In recent years, a novel form of programmed cell death, PANoptosis, has been confirmed to play a core role in the pathological process of UC. PANoptosis is driven by the PANoptosome complex, which is assembled by key molecules such as ZBP1, NLRP3, and RIPK1, which can simultaneously activate pyroptosis,...

Background and Objectives: Despite surgical intervention for remission, recurrence is nearly inevitable in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). While several maintenance therapies are available, the optimal strategy for preventing postoperative recurrence remains uncertain. Materials and Methods: This systematic review and network meta-analysis included placebo-controlled or head-to-head randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Central up to 4 July 2024. Studies...

The maintenance of gastrointestinal homeostasis relies on a tightly coordinated interplay between the intestinal epithelium, the immune system, and the commensal microbiome. Disruption of this balance underlies inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompassing Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, and is characterized by chronic, relapsing mucosal inflammation driven by genetic susceptibility, environmental factors, immune dysregulation, and microbial imbalance. Persistent inflammation promotes...

Background and Objectives: The therapeutic role of surgery in Crohn's disease has evolved in the era of advanced biologic therapies, particularly in patients with complex and treatment-refractory disease. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between preoperative biologic exposure and surgical outcomes, with a focus on predictors of more extensive surgical procedures, postoperative biological response, and postoperative biologic management. Materials and Methods: We conducted a...

Background and Objectives: Biologic agents have emerged as the most important therapeutic weapon in the treatment of Crohn's disease (CD). The aim of this study is to describe the population of patients who received different molecules as first-line therapy and their persistence on first-line therapy. Materials and Methods: 622 patients from six gastroenterology departments from Bucharest, Iasi and Cluj treated between 2006 and 2024 were included in the study. A total of 87 (14%) were excluded...

Background and Objectives: The management of localized ileocecal Crohn's disease (CD) is undergoing a significant paradigm shift from traditional "step-up" medical escalation toward proactive early surgical intervention. With the evolution of surgical therapies as well as various minimally invasive procedures, as well as a better understanding of inflammatory bowel diseases, surgery is playing a more important role in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. One of the most common...

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), represents a chronic immune-mediated disorder frequently associated with extraintestinal manifestations. While musculoskeletal, dermatologic, and ocular complications are well recognized, ear, nose, and throat (ENT) involvement remains underrecognized despite its potential morbidity. Objective: To systematically evaluate the spectrum of ENT manifestations in IBD, focusing on clinical...

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and Crohn's disease (CD) share overlapping immune and fibrotic processes, yet their convergent molecular mechanisms remain poorly defined. Here, we performed an integrative transcriptomic analysis of nine public datasets to identify shared transcriptional signatures across IPF and CD. The main discovery and validation analyses were based on bulk transcriptomic datasets and combined differential expression profiling, weighted gene co-expression network...

Crohn's disease (CD) in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is frequently diagnosed late due to overlapping symptoms and non-specific biomarkers. We hypothesized that longitudinal cytokine profiling could identify a pre-symptomatic signature predictive of CD conversion in pediatric JIA patients. Ninety pediatric participants (JIA, CD, psoriatic arthritis, healthy controls) underwent serum cytokine profiling (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-36α, IL-37, IL-6, IL-18, IL-27, IL-31) at baseline and 12...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprising Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a chronic relapsing-remitting condition characterized by systemic and intestinal inflammation and immune dysregulation. Up to 47% of IBD patients develop extraintestinal manifestations, yet kidney and urological involvement remain underrecognized. Accumulating evidence has linked IBD to nephrolithiasis, glomerular diseases, tubulointerstitial nephritis, acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease,...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition resulting from complex interactions between the immune system, genetic predisposition, and the gut microbiota. In this context, Escherichia coli (E. coli) plays a dual role in the human gut, ranging from harmless commensal strains to pathobionts capable of promoting intestinal inflammation. A growing body of evidence suggests that specific E. coli pathotypes, such as adherent-invasive E. coli (AIEC) and diffusely adherent E....

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are diseases of chronic inflammation and intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) death that affect an estimated 7 million people worldwide. Intestinal barrier restoration is the most important determinant of remission in IBD, yet there are very few existing therapies that protect IECs from damage or support epithelial repair. The goal of this study was to develop a model system and tools that can be used to identify therapeutics that promote IEC survival in IBD. We...

In this study, we systematically investigated the role of miR-16-2-3p, a microRNA passenger strand derived from the MIR16-2 hairpin, in glucocorticoid resistance (GCR) and its underlying regulatory mechanisms. The results showed that miR-16-2-3p expression was significantly downregulated in patients with GCR and in glucocorticoid-resistant-like inflammatory models, and was positively correlated with glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression, accompanied by a reduced responsiveness to the...

CONCLUSION: CAC exhibits distinct mutational characteristics compared with sporadic CRC and different genetic abnormalities in each lesion may contribute to the dysplasia-carcinoma sequence.

CONCLUSION: CY involvement in colonic mucosal healing attenuates inflammation and enhances intestinal barrier function in DSS-induced colitis, likely through the modulation of the CAV1/FA axis. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of CY and offer novel insights for the development of therapeutic agents for UC.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which is marked by severe abdominal pain, weight loss, perianal bleeding, and diarrhea. This study successfully isolated and purified four low-molecular-weight fucoidan oligosaccharides through acid hydrolysis and Bio Gel P10 gel filtration. The molecular weights were 2.9 × 10⁴-1.36 × 10⁵ Da, 182-1012 Da, 161-939 Da and 161-939 Da, respectively. A mouse model of colitis was induced using Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS). The...

INTRODUCTION: Obesity and related cardiometabolic comorbidities, including hypertension, dyslipidaemia, diabetes, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, are increasingly prevalent among individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). These conditions influence disease activity, therapeutic response, surgical outcomes and overall quality of life, yet evidence remains fragmented. The Modulate Obesity and relateD metabolic...

CONCLUSION: Integrating inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers improves surgical risk stratification in Crohn's disease and may help identify patients most likely to benefit from biologic therapy.

The treatment landscape for Crohn's disease (CD) has evolved substantially in the 21st century with the advent of advanced therapies. Since the introduction of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists, new classes of advanced CD therapies have been approved for use in the Asia-Pacific region, including anti-integrins, interleukin (IL)-12/23p40 inhibitors, IL-23p19 inhibitors and Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi). In the last 10 years, biosimilars to infliximab, adalimumab and ustekinumab and...

This study applied natural language processing to identify common topics in 12,054 Dutch patient-provider messages in inflammatory bowel disease. Using the BERTopic framework, three embedding models were evaluated with topic diversity, Cv coherence, and topic assignment proportion. A lightweight Dutch-specific embedding model (RobBERT) outperformed two larger multilingual models (MPNet Sentence Transformer and QWEN3-embedding-8B). We identified 120 sentence-level topics covering medical and...

Crohn disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease and is associated with malnutrition. Sarcopenia is an indicator of poor nutrition status. This study evaluated the impact of preoperative and postoperative sarcopenia on postoperative outcomes including complications and recurrence. This single-center, retrospective study included patients who underwent abdominal surgery for CD between January 2006 and December 2016. This study analyzed the data using abdominal computed tomography (CT)...

CONCLUSIONS: RD, particularly FMF, is commonly observed in pediatric IBD, with a prevalence of 31.8% for RD and 21.6% for FMF. The presence of RD is associated with an increased need for biologic therapy despite lower initial disease activity. Children with IBD should be systematically evaluated for RD, especially in regions with high MEFV mutation prevalence, to support more personalized management strategies.

CONCLUSION: IBD is associated with CI and increased dementia risk, with biologics potentially mitigating neuroinflammation-related decline. More longitudinal studies and randomized clinical trials, also on intermediate endpoints, are needed to clarify the neuroprotective role of some therapies and optimize treatment strategies.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic and recurrent inflammatory intestinal disorder characterized by gut dysbiosis, but effective strategies are currently limited. Here, we demonstrated that Agrimoniae Herba Polysaccharides (AHP), the key active components of a herb widely used for intestinal inflammation in East Asia countries, significantly reversed colitis-related phenotypes in a gut microbiota dependent, as antibiotic treatment abolished its therapeutic effect, while gut microbes from...

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease for which effective and durable therapeutic strategies remain limited. In this study, an acetylated glucomannan polysaccharide, Aloe barbadensis polysaccharide 7 (ABPA7), was isolated and purified from the gel of Aloe barbadensis with a purity of 97.65%. Structural characterization revealed that ABPA7 is a highly homogeneous β-(1 → 4)-linked mannan, low branching, site-specific O-acetylation at the O-2/O-2,3 positions, and a high...