Head and Neck Neoplasms – Pubmed

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the outcomes of patients with refractory recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC) treated with camrelizumab combined with famitinib following platinum-based chemotherapy.

CONCLUSION: An FHL-based ramus provides an additional tool in the armamentarium when the bone requirement is huge and is not inferior to a vascularized ramus in terms of complication rate related to hardware exposure and bone necrosis.

Zolbetuximab is an anti-claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2) antibody, and the addition of zolbetuximab in combination with fluoropyrimidine and oxaliplatin as a first-line treatment for CLDN18.2-positive and HER2-negative gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma has been shown to improve survival. However, the efficacy and safety of the combination of zolbetuximab with combinations other than fluoropyrimidine and oxaliplatin have not been elucidated. The objective of the present study is to...

CONCLUSIONS: Dispersed LNnegs with a considerable decrease in the SD of the largest cervical LNneg in T3-4N0M0 NPC indicated a low OS risk and potential benefit from a cumulative cisplatin dose of ≥ 200 mg/m² in CCRT.

Head and neck cancer is the seventh most common malignancy worldwide. Conventional treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy, have achieved substantial clinical success. However, their efficacy remains limited due to treatment-associated toxicity and suboptimal therapeutic outcomes. Phototherapy, encompassing photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), has emerged as a promising anticancer strategy owing to its high selectivity, minimal...

Sinonasal tract angiofibroma (formerly juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma) is a rare benign but locally aggressive vascular tumor that predominantly affects adolescent males. Malignant transformation is exceedingly uncommon and has historically been reported following radiation therapy, with only two cases described in radiation-naïve patients. We report a 56-year-old male with a history of sinonasal tract angiofibroma diagnosed at age 11 and recurrent at age 54, who developed sarcomatous...

CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed the important role of glucocorticoid-related genes in promoting NPC progression. Our findings provide a robust foundation for developing targeted therapeutic strategies for patients with NPC based on innovative biomarkers.

CONCLUSION: This standardized technique offers a reliable, intuitive method for safe and effective hemitongue reconstruction using superthin ALT flaps.

CONCLUSION: There was a significant difference between tissue expressions of spindle kinetochore-associated complex sub unit 1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral potentially malignant disorders, and this difference was more pronounced in dif ferent tumour grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma and in varying grades of dysplasia in oral potentially malignant disorders.

Optimal surgery for Siewert type II tumors remains controversial. We compared outcomes between transthoracic esophagectomy (TTE) and extended total gastrectomy (EG) in a high-volume center. This study included consecutive patients with Siewert type II tumors undergoing curative-intent surgery between 2013 and 2023. Patients treated with TTE or EG were analyzed. Primary outcomes were oncological parameters (lymph node yield, margin length, R0-rate, positive lymph nodes). Secondary outcomes...

ABSTRACT: Subepithelial tumors of the esophagus are rare findings, with lipomas representing a particularly uncommon entity. They account for only about 0.4-1 % of benign esophageal tumors, but despite their benign nature, they can become symptomatic due to their size and location. Modern endoscopic techniques such as endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), or submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER) allow for safe and minimally invasive removal in...

CONCLUSION: SA presents a multifaceted picture of FTC, with a higher incidence than in developed countries but lower than some other African nations. Patients are frequently symptomatic, which may predict worse outcomes. Standardised reporting and a national thyroid registry could assist in treatment planning and consistency of care.

Objective: To develop and validate a predictive model for the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in locally advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer (G/GEJC) patients. Methods: This study was a retrospective observational study. Clinical, pathological, and follow-up data of 229 patients with locally advanced or metastatic G/GEJC who received ICI at Peking University Cancer Hospital from 2016 to 2022 were retrospectively collected. Among them, 63 cases...

The incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) has increased substantially. Transoral robotic surgery (TORS) provides detailed pathological assessment that may support risk-adapted treatment strategies; however, integrated evidence on oncologic, functional, and economic outcomes remains limited. To systematically evaluate oncologic, functional, and economic outcomes of TORS-based treatment strategies in patients with HPV-positive OPSCC. A...

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a metastasis-prone malignancy that is highly prevalent in endemic regions. Epigenetic dysregulation, including aberrant DNA/RNA/protein methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA networks, contributes to NPC invasion and metastasis by reshaping epithelial-mesenchymal transition, tumor microenvironment interactions, immune evasion, and therapy adaptation. This review provides a structured overview of the core mechanisms of epigenetic regulation in...

Thyroid cancer frequently undergoes dedifferentiation, progressing into poorly differentiated or anaplastic carcinoma, which is characterized by therapeutic resistance and a poor prognosis. Epigenetic dysregulation, particularly histone methylation, plays a critical role in this process. In this study, we identify PRDM16 as an essential regulator of thyroid cancer differentiation. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that PRDM16 catalyzes H3K9 monomethylation at the TRIM58 promoter region, thereby...

The incidence of adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG) continues to rise, with 20%-30% of patients initially diagnosed with stage IV disease, for whom conventional palliative treatment offers limited efficacy. Conversion therapy based on a multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach has brought hope for achieving curative-intent R0 resection in these patients. Existing evidence suggests that patients who achieve tumor response following conversion therapy may gain prolonged...

CONCLUSION: Our study showed that FNAC performed well in diagnosing thyroid cancer preoperatively. Therefore, it should continue to be used in the diagnostic workup of thyroid nodules at CMJAH.

Objective: To compare the efficacy between endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) combined with low-dose radiotherapy and direct surgical resection in patients with T1a-MM/T1b-SM stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 169 patients diagnosed with T1a-MM/T1b-SM stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma at Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University from January 1, 2016 to September 30, 2024. There were 124 males and...

CONCLUSION: ddPCR-based HPV testing provides high diagnostic specificity compared with p16^(INK4a) IHC and allows minimally invasive monitoring. Plasma and oral rinse represent complementary liquid biopsy sources, with oral rinse offering particular advantages for mucosal tumors. Longitudinal testing revealed early molecular recurrence, supporting its potential as a prognostic tool. While promising, the use of liquid biopsy-based HPV detection for screening at-risk but undiagnosed populations...

The incidence of thyroid cancer has increased globally over recent decades, while mortality has remained stable or declined. However, integrated assessments of temporal trends, age-period-cohort (APC) effects, and future projections, particularly in BRICS countries, are limited. This study evaluated long-term incidence trends of thyroid cancer worldwide and across BRICS nations from 1990 to 2021 and projected future patterns. Data were derived from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study....

CONCLUSION: A single injection of botulinum toxin before radiotherapy preserves salivary gland function and improves quality of life. Based on these findings, we advocate for a multicenter Phase II trial to define the optimal dose-response relationship and determine the ideal timing for injection relative to the start of radiotherapy.

CONCLUSIONS: Our MR analysis suggests a potential positive association between morningness and the risk of thyroid cancer. The significant association observed with the IVW method suggests a possible association between morningness and TC risk; however, this finding should be interpreted with caution because the other MR methods did not show significant results. Further research is required to clarify the biological mechanisms underlying this association and to validate these findings in diverse...

CONCLUSIONS: Salvage OPHL is a powerful organ-preservation tool. Success depends on rigorous patient selection, accurate restaging (addressing frequent clinical understaging), and the preservation of at least one functional cricoarytenoid unit. While functionally demanding, it provides a superior quality of life compared to TL by avoiding a permanent tracheostoma and maintaining laryngeal voice.

CONCLUSIONS: After TOLMS, oncologic risk is driven by margin type and burden rather than margin positivity alone. Deep margin involvement and residual disease identify patients requiring intensified management, supporting a risk-adapted postoperative strategy.

This study utilized de-identified surveillance data to estimate the incidence of head and neck cancer among active component service members (Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, Coast Guard) from 2010 through 2024. This report updates the June 2021 MSMR analysis of oral and pharyngeal cancers (2007-2019) by expanding the case definition to include all head and neck cancers and extending the surveillance period through 2024. There were 549 cases of head and neck cancer diagnosed in the active...

CONCLUSIONS: Free flap reconstruction after pharyngolaryngectomy is reliable, with high flap survival rates. The JFF remains associated with lower rates of luminal complications, particularly in circumferential defects, while the ALT flap represents a valid alternative. Flap selection should be individualised, and further prospective studies with standardised outcomes are warranted.

CONCLUSIONS: Neck management in LSCC should be adapted to risk: elective treatment is essential in high-risk cN0 disease, therapeutic dissection remains standard in cN+, and salvage SND is effective in rcN+, while elective treatment in rcN0 should be reserved for selected cases.

CONCLUSIONS: TORS provides excellent long-term oncologic control in early LSCC. The addition of NACT allows extension to advanced disease while maintaining high laryngeal preservation rates, supporting a multimodal organ-preserving strategy.

RATIONALE: Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is a rare malignancy typically characterized by severe hypercalcemia and markedly elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH). The coexistence of PC with Graves' disease (GD) is exceptionally rare and presents a critical diagnostic challenge. The symptoms of hyperthyroidism can mask the clinical features of parathyroid disease, and when PC presents with only mild biochemical abnormalities - as in this case - the risk of misdiagnosis or delayed treatment is...

CONCLUSIONS: PORT significantly improves DFS and LRC after partial laryngectomy in high-risk patients, supporting its role in carefully selected cases.

Sinonasal myxomas are rare benign tumors that typically occur in young children, with orbital involvement in 26% of reported cases. The authors report a case manifesting solely with progressive ocular motility restrictions and diplopia. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an expansile lesion occupying the right posterior ethmoid cavity with right orbital involvement. Surgical resection reduced the tumor size. Although rare, this case demonstrates that sinonasal myxoma should be considered in the...

CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that DDIT4 and RCE1 can be considered potential therapeutic targets associated with A. actinomycetemcomitans-mediated induction of head and neck cancers. However, further studies are required to validate these observations.

CONCLUSION: Overall evidence suggests that nutritional prehabilitation can improve patients' nutritional status and enhance their prognosis and quality of life, showing beneficial effects. More high-quality, large-sample clinical studies should be conducted in the future to guide the clinical implementation of nutritional prehabilitation.

Primary glandular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PG-DLBCL) affecting 4 glands is an exceptionally rare malignancy with undefined prognostic drivers. This study developed a predictive model for overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in this unique patient subgroup. Primary glandular DLBCL patients from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database were randomly split into training and validation groups at a ratio of 7:3. Cox regression-based nomograms were created to...

CONCLUSIONS: (C)TRA represents an effective surgical strategy for tumours involving the laryngo-tracheal junction, preserving laryngeal functions without compromising oncologic prognosis. Outcomes are excellent for well-differentiated thyroid or cartilaginous tumours, while caution is warranted in high-grade histologies, extrinsic infiltration from metastatic lymph nodes, or previously irradiated patients.

Thyroid cancer (THCA) is the 9th most common endocrine tumor worldwide. However, its etiology and pathogenesis are not fully understood. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the biomarkers associated with chromatin remodeling in patients with THCA. THCA-related datasets and chromatin remodeling related genes were included in this study. Differential expression analysis and 2 machine learning algorithms were employed to identify candidate genes. Biomarkers were identified by receiver operating...

CONCLUSION: Reconstruction with RFFF demonstrated excellent deglutition function in partial or hemiglossectomies. However, functional outcomes decline significantly with extensive resections, highlighting the need for further studies evaluating other reconstructive options, such as the anterolateral thigh flap, which provides greater bulk.

To address the clinical bottleneck in preoperative assessment of central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in patients with C-TIRADS (Chinese Thyroid Imaging Reporting And Data System) 4 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), this study aims to develop a preoperative predictive model capable of quantifying individual metastasis risk through integrated multifactorial analysis, thereby guiding more precise surgical planning. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical-pathological...

Thyroid metastasis (TM) from oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is exceedingly rare, with limited cases reported. Despite the vascular nature of the thyroid gland, its microenvironment does not favour metastatic spread.This case describes a male in his late 70s with p16-positive tonsillar SCC who presented with diffuse TM. The patient initially presented with dysphonia and weight loss, leading to a diagnosis of advanced SCC centred in the right tonsil with bilateral cervical...

CONCLUSIONS: Thyroid cancer-derived exosomal SPP1 promotes tumor progression by driving macrophage M2 polarization via the CD44/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. The exosomal SPP1-CD44 axis represents a promising therapeutic target for thyroid cancer.

CONCLUSIONS: Dynamic MRD monitoring, particularly post-treatment, provides strong predictive value for pathological response to NCIT in locally advanced ESCC. Integrating baseline NOTCH1 mutation status with post-NCIT MRD assessment significantly improves MPR prediction, indicating the potential to inform clinical decision-making for these patients.

CONCLUSIONS: Higher pre-ablation dNLR was independently associated with earlier complete disappearance after thermal ablation and may provide complementary information for counseling and follow-up planning; however, its incremental discrimination was modest and external validation is needed.

CONCLUSION: This national survey demonstrates that the German population is not sufficiently informed about the signs, symptoms and risk factors of oral cancer. Knowledge deficits were particularly associated with older age, lower levels of education and low income. The planned national awareness campaign aims to inform the public, especially vulnerable subgroups, about oral cancer, its diagnostic signs andspecific risk factors. In the development, implementation and evaluation of this campaign,...

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a DNA virus with oncogenic potential. Persistent infections with high-risk HPV genotypes can drive malignant transformation in multiple tissues, resulting in distinct HPV-associated cancers. This review provides an analysis of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and squamous cell carcinoma of uterine cervix (CESC). First, we briefly introduce the key aspects of HPV biology and the mechanisms of carcinogenesis. We focus...

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is characterized by immune evasion and poor clinical outcomes. Autophagy has been implicated in tumor-immune interactions, but the molecular factors linking autophagy-associated processes to immune modulation in ESCC remain incompletely defined. We analyzed PSD3 expression in ESCC tissues and its association with prognosis and MHC-I-related molecules. Protein interactions were assessed by co-immunoprecipitation. Autophagy-associated marker changes,...

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this retrospective cohort study of patients receiving DART on and off study, oncologic outcomes were similar between the 2 groups. Fewer patients with pN2 received DART off study, given the interim results of MC1675. Patients with pN1 and no ENE treated with DART had excellent 2- and 5-year PFS, supporting DART as a compelling treatment option in well-selected patients. An additional study that is currently underway will evaluate biomarker risk-stratified treatment...

Esophagogastric adenocarcinomas have poor survival, and accurate prognosis assessment is required to guide appropriate treatment. Pre-treatment planning can be challenging and would benefit from non-invasive prognostic tools. Methylated circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has prognostic value in colorectal cancer. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prognostic value of methylated ctDNA biomarkers in esophageal and gastric cancers. Circulating cell free DNA, isolated from plasma collected prior to...

Objective: To investigate the mechanism through which timosaponin AⅢ (TAⅢ)-based liposomes loaded with auranofin (AUF) (T-AUF-LPs) induce ferroptosis in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cells. Methods: T-AUF-LPs were prepared using the thin-film hydration method, and their physicochemical properties and stability were characterized. Additionally, conventional liposomes (C-AUF-Lips) were prepared using cholesterol as the membrane material. Cellular uptake efficiency was evaluated in CAL-62 cells...

CONCLUSION: Preliminary analysis indicates that this initiative supports patients when receiving a card during CRT, offering hope and solidarity, and when writing a card after treatment with benefits of reflection and altruism. Further research will evaluate the effectiveness and scalability of Pay It Forward across different clinical settings.