Asthma/Atopy Pubmed Results

Background and Objectives: Self-management programs are essential for increasing COPD patient participation and autonomy in making appropriate decisions about their chronic condition. The present study aimed to assess the impact of COPD self-management interventions on quality of life, functional status, patient education, depression, and anxiety in primary care. Materials and Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial recruiting patients with COPD (GOLD A and B) from four primary care...
Author: Filothei Tsaousi
Posted: March 28, 2024, 10:00 am
Background and Objectives: Data on characteristics of asthma in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) is conflicting. Recently, the L-arginine pathway has gained attention in the pathogenesis of asthma and SCD. This study aimed to determine the distinctive clinical and laboratory features and the role of arginine metabolism in asthmatic children with SCD. Materials and Methods: A total of 52 children and adolescents with SCD, including 24 with asthma (SCD-A) and 28 without asthma (SCD-NA), and...
Author: Aylin Kont Ozhan
Posted: March 28, 2024, 10:00 am
Background and Objectives: Severe adult-onset eosinophilic asthma and COPD with eosinophilic inflammation are two entities with a similar clinical course and are sometimes difficult to differentiate in clinical practice, especially in patients with a history of smoking. Anti-IL-5 or -IL-5R biological therapy has been shown to be highly effective in severe eosinophilic asthma but has not demonstrated significant benefit in patients with COPD with the eosinophilic phenotype. Our aim was to...
Author: Bianca Oprescu
Posted: March 28, 2024, 10:00 am
Background and Objectives: Real-life data on the efficacy of biologic agents (BAs) on asthma-comorbid CRSwNP are needed. Our primary goal is to investigate the effects of BAs on CRSwNP symptoms, as well as endoscopic and tomography scores. Our secondary goal is to show a reduction in the frequency of acute sinusitis exacerbations and the need for surgery. Materials and Methods: We conducted a multicenter, retrospective, real-life study. We screened the patients with asthma-comorbid CRSwNP...
Author: Meryem Demir
Posted: March 28, 2024, 10:00 am
Inflammation and mucus production are prevalent characteristics of chronic respiratory conditions, such as asthma and chronic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Biological co-factors, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi, may exacerbate these diseases by activating various pathways associated with airway diseases. An example is the fungus Pneumocystis, which is linked to severe COPD in human patients. Recent evidence has demonstrated that Pneumocystis significantly enhanced...
Author: Krishna Coronado
Posted: March 28, 2024, 10:00 am
The co-occurrence of asthma and obesity is becoming an increasingly common health problem. It became clear that both diseases are closely related, since overweight/obesity are associated with an increased risk of asthma development, and more than half of the subjects with severe or difficult-to-treat asthma are obese. Currently, there are no specific guidelines for the treatment of this group of patients. The mechanisms involved in the asthma-obesity phenotype include low-grade chronic...
Author: Ewelina Russjan
Posted: March 28, 2024, 10:00 am
CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggested that CD69^(+) eosinophils play an immunoregulator role in type 2 inflammation, whereas activated tissue eosinophils contribute to the pathogenesis of asthma.
Author: Dan Van Bui
Posted: March 28, 2024, 10:00 am
Eosinophilic asthma is the most prevalent and well-defined phenotype of asthma. Despite a majority of patients responding to corticosteroid therapy and T2 biologics, there remains a subset that have recurrent asthma exacerbations, highlighting a need for additional therapies to fully ameliorate airway eosinophilia. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) are considered key players in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic asthma through the production of copious amounts of type 2 cytokines, namely IL-5...
Author: Takahiro Matsuyama
Posted: March 28, 2024, 10:00 am
CONCLUSION: Vitamin D supplementation in individuals with asthma was not associated with lower inflammatory biomarkers related to type 2 inflammation. However, it was significantly associated with higher serum IL-10 compared to placebo.
Author: Asmae El Abd
Posted: March 28, 2024, 10:00 am
Asthma drug responses may differ due to inflammatory mechanisms triggered by the immune cells in the pulmonary microenvironment. Thus, asthma phenotyping based on the local inflammatory profile may aid in treatment definition and the identification of new therapeutic targets. Here, we investigated protein profiles of induced sputum and serum from asthma patients classified into eosinophilic, neutrophilic, mixed granulocytic, and paucigranulocytic asthma, according to inflammatory phenotypes....
Author: Larissa Prado Maia
Posted: March 28, 2024, 10:00 am
Severe asthma in children carries an unacceptable treatment burden, yet its rarity means clinical experience in treating it is limited, even among specialists. Practical guidance is needed to support clinical decision-making to optimize treatment for children with this condition.This modified Delphi convened 16 paediatric pulmonologists and allergologists from northern Europe, all experienced in treating children with severe asthma. Informed by interviews with stakeholders involved in the care...
Author: M W Pijnenburg
Posted: March 28, 2024, 10:00 am
CONCLUSIONS: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) may contribute to the pathogenesis of asthma, which could be the underlying cause of persistent cough post-COVID-19 infection. Post-COVID-19 chronic cough during the Omicron era was often accompanied by sputum, dyspnea, and airway hyperresponsiveness. ICS treatment did not have a significant impact on symptom management of post-COVID-19 chronic cough; however, it can improve impaired lung function in in these individuals.
Author: Pan-Pan Xie
Posted: March 28, 2024, 10:00 am
The chronic inflammatory component of asthma is propagated by granulocytes, including neutrophils and eosinophils, in the peripheral circulation and airway. Previous studies have suggested that these cells have an altered expression of adhesion-related molecules and a propensity for the release of granule contents that may contribute to tissue damage and enhance inflammatory complications in patients with status asthmaticus. The goal of this prospective cohort study at a tertiary care pediatric...
Author: Kirstin Henley
Posted: March 27, 2024, 10:00 am
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin is a key cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of asthma and other allergic diseases. Targeting TSLP and its signaling pathways is increasingly recognized as an effective strategy for asthma treatment. This study focused on enhancing the affinity of the T6 antibody, which specifically targets TSLP, by integrating computational and experimental methods. The initial affinity of the T6 antibody for TSLP was lower than the benchmark antibody AMG157. To improve this, we...
Author: Yitong Lv
Posted: March 27, 2024, 10:00 am
No abstract
Author: Laissa Harumi Furukawa
Posted: March 27, 2024, 10:00 am
No abstract
Author: Paul M O'Byrne
Posted: March 27, 2024, 10:00 am
Pyroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death mediated by cleavage of Gasdermin family proteins by activated caspases, which plays an important role in the control of acute and chronic diseases. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease with varying degrees of airflow obstruction. The airway epithelial barrier plays an important role in initiating host defenses and controlling immune responses. Accumulating evidence suggests that pyroptosis is involved in the impairment of airway...
Author: J X Wang
Posted: March 27, 2024, 10:00 am
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the most common post-transcriptional modifications of eukaryotic mRNA. The m6A modification accelerates mRNA metabolism and translation, and plays an important role in cell differentiation, embryonic development and stress response. As a reversible epigenetic modification, m6A modification plays an important role in many physiological and pathological processes. The m6A modification is closely related to the occurrence and progression of respiratory diseases,...
Author: Haibo Li
Posted: March 27, 2024, 10:00 am
CONCLUSION: Overall, this study demonstrated that sensitization with 50 μg of OVA resulted in the most significant AHR compared to other dosages. These findings may offer valuable insights for future research on mouse asthma modeling protocols.
Author: Yan-Jiao Chen
Posted: March 27, 2024, 10:00 am
Background: Asthma affects one in every 12 children in United States with significant prevalence in underserved groups. Family caregiver education is essential to improve childhood asthma control. The literature suggests that family caregivers' lack of knowledge about asthma management affects their children's health outcomes. An evidence-based education program that improves caregivers' asthma knowledge may improve the family's well-being. Objectives: The goal of the Asthma Academy project is...
Author: Victoria Horowitz
Posted: March 27, 2024, 10:00 am
The wingless/integrase-1 (WNT) pathway involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory airway diseases has recently generated considerable research interest. Montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, provides therapeutic benefits in allergic asthma involving eosinophils. We aimed to investigate the role of the WNT pathway in the therapeutic actions of montelukast (MT) in a mixed type of allergic-acute airway inflammation model induced by ovalbumin (OVA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice....
Author: Yesim Kaya-Yasar
Posted: March 26, 2024, 10:00 am
INTRODUCTION: Allergic asthma has been mainly attributed to T helper type 2 (Th2) and proinflammatory responses but many cellular processes remain elusive. There is increasing evidence for distinct roles for macrophage and dendritic cell (DC) subsets in allergic airway inflammation (AAI). At the same time, there are various mouse models for allergic asthma that have been of utmost importance in identifying key inflammatory pathways in AAI but that differ in the allergen and/or route of...
Author: Belinda Camp
Posted: March 26, 2024, 10:00 am
A 70-year-old woman with a 6-year history of asthma, a 12-year history of diabetes mellitus, and who did not smoke presented to the pulmonology clinic with dyspnea and cough. Chest CT performed 5 years earlier for similar symptoms revealed multiple pulmonary nodules. However, she was lost to follow-up before the work-up was concluded. Otherwise, her medical history was unremarkable. Family history included maternal endometrial cancer. Physical examination revealed partial oxygen saturation of...
Author: Furkan Ufuk
Posted: March 26, 2024, 10:00 am
High level expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been associated with severe asthma. The role of MIF and its functional promotor polymorphism in innate immune training is currently unknown. Using novel humanized CATT(7) MIF mice, this study is the first to investigate the effect of MIF on bone marrow-derived macrophage (BMDM) memory after house dust mite (HDM) challenge. CATT(7) BMDMs demonstrated a significant primed increase in M1 markers...
Author: Hazel Dunbar
Posted: March 26, 2024, 10:00 am
Mechanosensitive ion channels sense force and pressure in immune cells to drive the inflammatory response in highly mechanical organs. Here, we report that Piezo1 channels repress group 2 innate lymphoid cell (ILC2)-driven type 2 inflammation in the lungs. Piezo1 is induced on lung ILC2s upon activation, as genetic ablation of Piezo1 in ILC2s increases their function and exacerbates the development of airway hyperreactivity (AHR). Conversely, Piezo1 agonist Yoda1 reduces ILC2-driven lung...
Author: Benjamin P Hurrell
Posted: March 26, 2024, 10:00 am
Biologics targeting IgE, IL-5, IL-4/IL-13, and TSLP are crucial in severe asthma treatment. Research, including randomized controlled trials and real-world studies, has been conducted to assess their efficacy and identify patient characteristics that may predict positive responses. The effectiveness of switching biologics, especially given overlaps in treatment eligibility, and the clinical outcomes post-cessation are critical areas of investigation. This work reviews the effects of switching...
Author: Silvano Dragonieri
Posted: March 25, 2024, 10:00 am
Advances in Respiratory Medicine, which has been published by MDPI since 2022, serves as a platform for hosting pneumological studies [...].
Author: Krzysztof Kuziemski
Posted: March 25, 2024, 10:00 am
We manually annotated 9734 tweets that were posted by users who reported their pregnancy on Twitter, and used them to train, evaluate, and deploy deep neural network classifiers (F(1)-score=0.93) to detect tweets that report having a child with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (678 users), autism spectrum disorders (1744 users), delayed speech (902 users), or asthma (1255 users), demonstrating the potential of Twitter as a complementary resource for assessing associations between...
Author: Ari Z Klein
Posted: March 25, 2024, 10:00 am
Air pollution plays an important role in the mortality and morbidity of chronic airway diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Particulate matter (PM) is a significant fraction of air pollutants, and studies have demonstrated that it can cause airway inflammation and injury. The airway epithelium forms the first barrier of defense against inhaled toxicants, such as PM. Airway epithelial cells clear airways from inhaled irritants and orchestrate the inflammatory...
Author: Özgecan Kayalar
Posted: March 25, 2024, 10:00 am
哮喘是一种覆盖人类全年龄段的慢性炎症性异质性呼吸系统疾病,5岁及以下(学龄前)儿童的哮喘诊断一直具有争议。本文分析了国内外主要指南共识对学龄前儿童哮喘的诊断变迁,指出在该年龄段哮喘诊断和鉴别诊断的主要问题并提出相应的学术观点。为规范学龄前儿童哮喘的诊断和适度治疗提供支持。.
Author: H M Liu
Posted: March 25, 2024, 10:00 am
CONCLUSION: The current study reveals a heightened risk of MEHHP and MEHP + MEHHP exposure in specific asthma subgroups, emphasizing its complex relationship with asthma. The observed negative correlation with cytokines suggests a new avenue for research, warranting robust evidence from epidemiological and animal studies.
Author: Yuan-Ting Hsu
Posted: March 24, 2024, 10:00 am
CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, our results indicated moderate heat increase the risk of daily outpatient and inpatient visits for respiratory diseases, especially among children under the age of 5.
Author: Mengxia Qing
Posted: March 24, 2024, 10:00 am
CONCLUSIONS: This is the first pilot study to analyse the IS metabolomics/lipidomics signatures relevant in discriminating asthma vs COPD. The role of polyamines, of 6-Hydroxykynurenic acid and of D-rhamnose as well as of other important players related to the alteration of glycerophospholipid, aminoacid/biotin and energy metabolism provided the construction of a diagnostic model that, if validated on a larger prospective cohort, might be used to rapidly and accurately discriminate asthma from...
Author: Serena Correnti
Posted: March 24, 2024, 10:00 am
We conducted a systematic review to examine whether step-down of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) is recommended for adult patients with asthma have been well controlled with moderate or high-dose inhaled corticosteroids for more than 12 weeks. Seven randomized controlled trials were included. ICS step-down did not increase asthma exacerbations requiring systemic steroid therapy and hospitalization. There was no effect on respiratory function, asthma control, or QOL. No significant differences were...
Author: Naoki Okada
Posted: March 24, 2024, 10:00 am
We hypothesize that children characterized by deprived factors have poorer health outcomes. We aim to identify clustering of determinants and estimate risk of early childhood diseases. This 1993-2019 longitudinal cohort study combines three Canadian pediatric cohorts and their families. Mothers and children are clustered using latent class analysis (LCA) by 16 indicators in three domains (maternal and newborn; socioeconomic status [SES] and neighbourhood; environmental exposures). Hazard ratios...
Author: Teresa To
Posted: March 23, 2024, 10:00 am
CONCLUSIONS: Although children with wheeze/asthma display frequent occurrences and high levels of sensitization, sensitization patterns did not provide strong signals to discriminate children with severe disease from those with milder disease. These results suggest that the severity of wheeze/asthma may depend on both IgE- and non-IgE-mediated mechanisms.
Author: Stéphanie Lejeune
Posted: March 23, 2024, 10:00 am
Severe asthma (SA) has heterogeneous inflammatory phenotypes characterized by persistent airway inflammation (eosinophilic and/or neutrophilic inflammation) and remodeling. Various immune cells (eosinophils, neutrophils, and macrophages) become more activated and release inflammatory mediators and extracellular traps, damaging the protective barrier of airway epithelial cells and further activating other immune and structural cells. These cells play a role in autoimmune responses in asthmatic...
Author: Thi Bich Tra Cao
Posted: March 22, 2024, 10:00 am
No abstract
Author: Sandhya Khurana
Posted: March 22, 2024, 10:00 am
No abstract
Author: Morgan Faulconer
Posted: March 22, 2024, 10:00 am
Bronchial asthma (BA) is a chronic respiratory disease closely related to immune system dysregulation. Traditional Chinese medicine has long adopted the strategy of Sanao decoction in the treatment of bronchial asthma. However, due to the multi-target and multi-pathway characteristics of Chinese herbal medicine, we are still unclear about the specific mechanism of Sanao decoction in treating bronchial asthma. To investigate the mechanism of action of Sanao decoction in the treatment of BA using...
Author: Wenpei Chen
Posted: March 22, 2024, 10:00 am
No abstract
Author: Nicola Zink
Posted: March 22, 2024, 10:00 am
CONCLUSIONS: All biologics showed great efficacy in individual parameters and high responder rates measured by BARS without a clinically relevant advantage for any antibody. Response was usually achieved after 6 months and retained at 12 months, emphasizing the utility of early response assessment.
Author: Moritz Z Kayser
Posted: March 22, 2024, 10:00 am
Direct exposure to the fungal species Alternaria alternata is a major risk factor for the development of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and inflammation. As of November 23rd 2020, the NCBI protein database showed 11,227 proteins from A. alternata genome as hypothetical proteins (HPs). Allergens are the main causative of several life-threatening diseases, especially in fungal infections. Therefore, the main aim of the study is to identify the potentially allergenic inducible proteins from the HPs in...
Author: Rajamanikandan Sundararaj
Posted: March 21, 2024, 10:00 am
BACKGROUND: Chronic diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, type 2 diabetes, and heart failure, often coexist and contribute to a significant burden on individuals and health systems. The Assessment of Burden of Chronic Conditions (ABCC) tool, already in routine clinical use in the Netherlands, aims to comprehensively assess and visualize disease burden, stimulate self-management, and encourage shared decision-making. This study aims to validate the German and...
Author: Christian J Wiedermann
Posted: March 21, 2024, 10:00 am
The phenotypical manifestations of asthma among children are diverse and exhibit varying responses to therapeutic interventions. There is a need to develop objective biomarkers to improve the characterization of allergic and inflammatory responses relevant to asthma to predict therapeutic treatment responses. We have previously investigated histamine iontophoresis with laser Doppler flowmetry (HILD) as a potential surrogate biomarker that characterizes histamine response and may be utilized to...
Author: Aarya Ramprasad
Posted: March 21, 2024, 10:00 am
Asthma is characterized by airway remodeling and hyperreactivity. Our earlier studies determined that the nitric oxide (NO)-soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC)-cGMP pathway plays a significant role in human lung bronchodilation. However, this bronchodilation is dysfunctional in asthma due to high NO levels, which cause sGC to become heme-free and desensitized to its natural activator, NO. In order to determine how asthma impacts the various lung segments/lobes, we mapped the inflammatory regions of...
Author: Mamta P Sumi
Posted: March 21, 2024, 10:00 am
CONCLUSIONS: Prenatal antibiotic exposure might increase the risk of childhood atopic diseases in a dose-dependent manner.
Author: Sheng-Kang Tai
Posted: March 20, 2024, 10:00 am
BACKGROUND: Acute viral bronchiolitis is the most common reason for hospitalization of infants in the USA. Infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis are at high risk for recurrent respiratory symptoms and wheeze in the subsequent year, and longer-term adverse respiratory outcomes such as persistent childhood asthma. There are no effective secondary prevention strategies. Multiple factors, including air pollutant exposure, contribute to risk of adverse respiratory outcomes in these infants....
Author: Kelly Cowan
Posted: March 20, 2024, 10:00 am
Food allergy is a common chronic disorder that affects infants, children, adolescents, and adults. The prevalence of food allergy has increased in recent decades throughout the world, not limited to Western countries. Since there is no treatment, this focuses on avoiding allergens, in addition to educating patients and caregivers in the emergency treatment of acute reactions, for example: application of epinephrine. Studies suggest that accidental reactions occur in about 45% of children with...
Author: Ignacio Javier Ansotegui Zubeldia
Posted: March 20, 2024, 10:00 am
CONCLUSION: This study suggests that medium-term exposure to PM is associated with an increased risk of asthma exacerbations in asthmatics with poor medication adherence, with a higher risk from smaller PM.
Author: Yufan Feng
Posted: March 19, 2024, 10:00 am
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